[Marzano Words List:Fifth Grade Marzano 단어 5학년 영영풀이]
※ Robert J. Marzano: Robert J. Marzano, PhD, is cofounder and CEO of Marzano Research in Colorado. A leading researcher in education, he is a speaker, trainer, and author of more than 30 books and 150 articles.
로버트 J 마르자노박사는 콜로라도(미국)에 있는 마르자노연구소의 공동창업자이며 대표이다. 교육분야에서 선도적인 연구가인 그는 강연가, 트레이너, 그리고 30권의 책과 150개의 기사 이상의 저자이다. 더 자세한 내용은 아래 링크를↓
aircraft
dolphin
dusk
fever
jab
verb : to poke quickly or roughly with a body part or an object
knob
mute
verb : to turn off the sound
neigh
verb : to make the sound that a horse makes
price
noun : the amount of money asked for a good or service when it is sold
rap
verb : to hit a hard surface and make a sharp sound
shark
noun : a fish with a big fin on its back
slope
noun : an upward or downward slant
stomp
verb : to step in a loud, heavy way, often while angry
wallet
noun : a small flat, folding case used for holding money and credit cards, usually carried in a pocket or purse
abandon
verb : to leave behind
Abilene
abroad
adverb : in or to a foreign country
absolute
adjective : total; complete
abuse
noun : physical or psychological mistreatment of a living thing
access
noun : a way of getting near to or entering something or someplace; a way of being able to use or get something
accessory
noun : something added to another thing to make it more attractive or useful
accompany
verb : to go somewhere with another; to happen at the same time or along with something else
accomplish
verb : to succeed in doing or achieving something
account
accurate
adjective : correct or exact; precise
acre
noun : standard measure of land area equal to 4,840 square yards; an area slightly smaller than an American football field
adequate
adjective : good enough for a task or purpose; acceptable
administer
verb : to make and give out or apply a drug or treatment
adobe
noun : a mixture of sandy clay and straw that is dried into bricks
adore
verb : to love and respect very much
advance
verb : to move or go forward
advertise
verb : to call attention to a product, service, or cause in order to sell it or get people to attend
advise
verb : to give an opinion or advice; to notify
affect
verb : to have an effect on; to cause a change
affection
noun : a warm liking; a loving feeling
afterward
adverb : later; in the future
agent
noun : a person whose job is to provide a special service to customers
airfield
noun : an area of land where airplanes take off and land
airman
noun : a person who pilots an airplane
airstrip
noun : a narrow strip of land used for aircraft to land and take off from
ajar
adjective : slightly open
Albany
noun : the capital of New York, located in the eastern part of the state
alcohol
noun : a beverage, such as beer, wine, or whiskey, which contains an ingredient that can cause a person to lose control of behavior
algebra
noun : a branch of math in which symbols, usually letters, are used to represent unknown numbers
allegiance
noun : loyalty; dedication to a person or a group
almond
noun : an edible seed from a tree that comes from the Middle East
altar
noun : a table or other raised surface that is used for religious or spiritual purposes
alto
noun : a singing voice or an instrument having a key range above tenor
ambassador
noun : a representative of a country, species, or cause
ambition
noun : a person's dream or objective
amble
verb : to walk at a slow, relaxed pace
ammunition
noun : anything fired from a gun, such as bullets, missiles, or cannonballs
amphibian
noun : a cold-blooded animal with a backbone that generally spends some time in water and some time on land
analyze
verb : to examine closely
ancestor
noun : a family member from long ago
angle
noun : a figure formed by two lines that meet at a point
anteater
noun : a toothless mammal that eats ants and termites
antenna
noun : a wire used to send and receive radio or TV signals
antibiotic
noun : a medicine made from organisms that fights infections in the body
antidote
noun : a medicine that stops the effects of a particular poison
antlers
noun : hornlike growths on mammals, such as moose, caribou, and deer, that are made of bone and are grown and shed each year
Appalachians
noun : a long mountain chain in the eastern United States and eastern Canada
appeal
noun : a formal request in a court for a legal decision to be changed
appliance
noun : a mechanical or powered household device
apply
verb : to fill out a form to request something or to be considered for a job opening
appoint
verb : to choose someone to have a particular job; to give someone a position or duty
appropriate
adjective : just right for the purpose or situation
apt
adjective : having a tendency; likely
aqueduct
noun : an artificial channel that carries water from one place to another
arbor
noun : a shelter made of branches or vines
arc
noun : a section of a circle or other curved shape
arcade
noun : an indoor area containing video games, pinball machines, and other similar games
archery
noun : the skill or sport of shooting with a bow and arrows
arena
noun : a flat area surrounded by seats where spectators watch a sporting or entertainment event
Argentina
noun : the second-largest country in South America
armor
noun : any kid of protective covering
armpit
noun : the hollow area under the base of an arm where it joins the side of the chest
aroma
noun : a pleasant smell that is very noticeable
array
noun : a large number or variety of things
artery
noun : a blood vessel that moves oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to all parts of the body
asparagus
noun : a tall plant in the lily family that has edible shoots and a slightly bitter flavor
assemble
verb : to put something together from parts; to gather together
assist
verb : to help
assume
verb : to believe something is true without proof
assure
verb : to make certain; to convince
asteroid
noun : an irregularly shaped rock that orbits the Sun
astonish
verb : to surprise
astronaut
noun : a person trained to travel and work in space
astronomy
noun : a field of science involving the study of the stars, planets, comets, and other things found in space
attain
verb : to succeed in achieving a goal; to obtain or get
attempt
verb : to make an effort; to try
attire
noun : clothes, especially fancy ones
attorney
noun : a lawyer; a person who practices or studies law
Austin
noun : the capital of Texas
Austria
noun : a landlocked country in central Europe
authority
noun : the power, or those with the power, to govern, give orders, or make decisions
automatic
adjective : operating without human control
avalanche
noun : a mass of loosened snow, ice, soil, or rock that suddenly slides down a slope
aviator
noun : a pilot of an aircraft
avocado
noun : an oval fruit with dark, leathery skin and smooth green flesh
awning
noun : a sheet of heavy material stretched on a frame that is hung to keep sunlight or rain from a doorway, window, or deck
axis
noun : an imaginary line around which an object, such as Earth, rotates
bacteria
noun : small one-celled organisms that sometimes cause infections and disease
badger
noun : a stocky mammal in the weasel family that usually has a gray and black coat
badminton
noun : a game played with rackets on a rectangular court by two or four players who hit a shuttlecock back and forth over a net
bagpipes
noun : a musical instrument played by forcing air from a bag squeezed by the player through pipes with holes
bail
noun : money left with a court that allows a prisoner to leave jail and return later for his or her trial
bait
noun : food used to attract an animal
balsa
noun : a lightweight wood often used to make models and rafts
Baltimore
noun : the largest city in Maryland
ban
noun : an official order that forbids something
bangle
noun : a stiff bracelet without a clasp
banister
noun : a railing along the side of a staircase
barber
noun : someone who cuts hair, especially men's hair, and trims beards
bareback
adverb : on the back of an unsaddled horse or animal
baseboard
noun : a narrow wooden board that runs along the bottom of an inside wall
bashful
adjective : shy
bass
noun : a kind of freshwater fish
basswood
noun : a tree with large heart-shaped leaves and yellowish flowers
beacon
noun : a light or fire visible from far away that is used as a signal
bedrock
noun : a layer of solid rock underneath the ground's surface
beech
noun : a tree with smooth, gray bark that produces small nuts
beeline
noun : a straight line or direct route between two places
belle
noun : a very attractive and popular girl or woman
bellhop
noun : a hotel attendant who carries people's luggage and performs other tasks
bellow
verb : to speak or shout in a loud, deep voice
beret
noun : a round, flattened, pancake-shaped French hat
berth
noun : a place where a ship docks at a harbor; a bed or bunk on a ship or train
beta
noun : the second letter of the Greek alphabet; B or β
betray
verb : to hurt another in some way by being unfaithful, false, or disloyal
billfold
noun : a thin wallet
bind
verb : to tie or fasten tightly together
binoculars
noun : a hand-held device used to see objects that are far away
biology
noun : the branch of science that studies living things
birthmark
noun : a brown or red mark on a person's skin, usually present at birth
biscuit
noun : a small, round cake of bread
bishop
noun : a high-ranking official in some Christian churches who is responsible for a specific area or group of churches
bleak
adjective : bare, dreary, or otherwise unfavorable
blister
noun : a small injury in the form of a bubble on the skin that is filled with fluid
blockade
noun : any obstacle designed to prevent passage
blockhead
noun : a disrespectful word for a person who lacks intelligence and makes poor decisions
blonde
noun : a person who has hair that is pale yellow
bloodhound
noun : a large dog with a very good sense of smell
bluebell
noun : a plant that grows in woods and produces bell-shaped blue flowers
bluff
verb : to trick, especially by showing strength that does not exist
blunder
noun : a careless or stupid mistake
blunt
adjective : having an edge or point that is dull, worn down, or rounded
blur
verb : to make or become less clear
bob
verb : to make quick, jerky movements up and down
bologna
noun : a type of smoked sausage made of beef and pork
bonfire
noun : a large fire built outside, usually for a celebration or to burn trash
bonny
adjective : beautiful; attractive
boom
noun : a period of time when business is good
boomerang
noun : a flat, curved piece of wood that returns to the thrower after it has been thrown
bosom
noun : the front part of the human chest, especially of a woman
boxwood
noun : an evergreen bush or small tree that has small dark leaves and is used to make a hedges or natural fences
brace
noun : a device that helps make something stronger or steadier
bravo
exclamation : a word used to express approval after an excellent performance
Brazil
noun : the largest country in South America
breathtaking
adjective : shockingly beautiful or delightful
briar
noun : a wild plant that has many sharp thorns on its branches
bridle
noun : a harness made of rope or string that guides the movement of a kite or other object
bristle
verb : (of hair or fur) to stand straight up away from the skin, usually because of fear or anger
brittle
adjective : likely to break or snap
broil
verb : to cook using very high heat for a short period of time
bronco
noun : a wild or untamed horse
brood
verb : to give serious thought to something troubling
broth
noun : the liquid base of a soup
browse
verb : to look through something in a casual way
brunette
noun : a girl or woman who has hair that is dark brown or black
brute
adjective : very strong; animal like
buck
verb : to jump in the air with a lowered head, stiff legs, and an arched back (most often done by a horse or other hoofed animal)
buckskin
noun : the skin of a male deer; soft, yellowish suede
buff
noun : a person who is very knowledgeable about a subject
bugle
noun : a brass instrument similar to a small trumpet that is used for military signals
bulge
noun : an outward swelling
bulk
noun : a large amount
bulldoze
verb : to clear land or tear down buildings or trees with a large tractor called a bulldozer
burr
noun : a prickly seed or flowerhead with hooks that attach to clothing or fur
bustle
noun : busy, noisy activity
butt
verb : to strike or push with the head or horns
butterscotch
noun : a flavor that is a combination of butter and brown sugar; a yellowish-brown color
cabinet
noun : a set of shelves for storing things, usually with a door
cackle
verb : to make the sharp, broken cry that a hen makes after laying an egg; to make a similar sound when laughing
cad
noun : a man whose behavior is rude and dishonorable
café
noun : a small restaurant that sells drinks and light meals
cafeteria
noun : a dining room where people are served at a counter
caffeine
noun : a substance found in tea, coffee, and many soft drinks that stimulates the nervous system
calcium
noun : a soft, metallic, gray mineral that is important to the health of many plants and animals
calculate
verb : to work out or estimate an answer using mathematics
calico
noun : cotton cloth with a bright, floral pattern
campus
noun : the land and buildings belonging to a school, college, university, or hospital
canal
noun : a waterway that is dug across land and used for transportation or irrigation
cancer
noun : a serious disease that causes the body's cells to grow out of control
candidate
noun : a person who seeks to be elected or chosen
cannibal
noun : a human or other animal that eats others of its own species
cannon
noun : a large, hollow, heavy piece of military equipment used in warfare
canteen
noun : a small water container usually made of metal
canvas
noun : a heavy piece of cloth on which a painting is done, especially an oil painting
caravan
noun : a procession of vehicles or animals traveling on land
cardigan
noun : a sweater that fastens all the way down the front
cargo
noun : goods carried by a large vehicle
Caribbean
adjective : of or relating to the region in the Atlantic Ocean located between North and South America
carousel
noun : a merry-go-round
carp
noun : a freshwater fish commonly kept in ponds and sometimes farmed for food
cartilage
noun : an elastic tissue found in humans and other vertebrates
cartridge
noun : a case that contains a specific type of material, such as ink, that is put into a larger piece of equipment, such as a printer
cashew
noun : a kidney-shaped nut; the tropical American tree on which the nut grows
cask
noun : a barrel that holds liquid
cavalry
noun : a group of soldiers who fight while mounted on horses
cease
verb : to stop
celestial
adjective : of or relating to the sky
census
noun : an official count of a population in an area
ceremony
noun : a formal event that takes place on a special occasion
chafe
verb : to rub against a part of the body and cause soreness
chairman
noun : the person who is in charge of a meeting, committee, or event
chalet
noun : a wooden house, usually found in the Swiss Alps or another snowy region
chamber
noun : a room or other enclosed space, either natural or artificial
chandelier
noun : a branched light fixture that hangs from the ceiling
chaps
noun : protective leg coverings made of leather
charter
noun : an official document creating an organization and defining its rights and responsibilities
chat
noun : a casual conversation
checkmate
noun : a move in chess in which a player loses because that player's king is in a position where escape is impossible
chef
noun : a professional cook
chemistry
noun : the science that studies how chemical elements and compounds change when heated, cooled, or combined
chess
noun : a game with two players in which each player moves sixteen pieces across a board with the goal of trapping the other player’s king
Cheyenne
noun : the capital of Wyoming, located in the southeastern part of the state
chime
verb : to make the ringing sound made by a bell or clock
chinaware
noun : dishes that are made of china
chisel
verb : to use a sharp steel tool called a chisel to shape stone, wood, or metal
chopsticks
noun : a pair of thin sticks held in one hand and used in eastern Asia to eat food
chowder
noun : a rich soup that usually contains seafood or corn, along with other ingredients
chrome
noun : a thin layer of chromium, a hard white metal, that is used as a decorative outer coating on some objects
chrysanthemum
noun : a popular flower that is a member of the daisy family
chum
noun : a good friend
chute
noun : a slanted slide or channel that carries things to a lower level
cider
noun : a drink made from juice that has been pressed from apples
cinch
noun : a band attached to a saddle that fastens around a horse's belly
Cincinnati
noun : a city in the southwestern corner of Ohio
cinnamon
noun : a spice made from the dried bark of certain trees and used to flavor food
citrus
adjective : of or relating to a group of trees that grow oranges, lemons, limes, grapefruits, or other similar fruits
civil
adjective : polite and courteous
clad
adjective : wearing clothing
claim
verb : to say something is true, often without evidence
clamor
noun : a loud, harsh noise, especially one caused by people shouting
clamp
noun : a clasp or other object used to hold things together
clash
verb : to enter into conflict; to not get along or go well together
clause
noun : a group of words that includes a subject and a verb, but forms only part of a sentence
clench
verb : to tighten a body part in response to a strong emotion; to tightly grip something
Cleveland
noun : a large city in northeastern Ohio
clinic
noun : a building or part of a hospital where patients receive medical care
cloak
noun : a loose, long outer piece of clothing, usually without sleeves, worn over the shoulders
clockwork
noun : the system and parts that make a clock or other mechanism move
clog
verb : to block with a buildup of material
clot
verb : to change from a liquid to a semisolid or solid state; usually refers to blood
clothespin
noun : a wooden or plastic clip used to fasten wet clothing or other items to a clothesline while they dry
clutter
noun : an untidy state; a group of things not neatly arranged
coax
verb : to gradually persuade someone to agree to something
cobblestone
noun : a round stone, about the size of a fist, used for paving streets
cockpit
noun : the place in an aircraft where the pilot sits
cockroach
noun : a beetlelike insect that is usually considered a pest
coconut
noun : the large, hard-shelled, oval nut of a type of palm tree
coke
noun : a gray material made from coal that is used as fuel for heating
coleslaw
noun : a salad made of raw cabbage that is sliced or chopped
coliseum
noun : a large stadium or other building, often used for sporting events or concerts
collapse
verb : to fall apart or fall down
cologne
noun : a product similar to perfume but not as strong
colon
noun : a punctuation mark (:) used after a word that introduces a quotation, explanation, or series
combat
noun : fighting between military forces
combine
verb : to mix, bring, or get together
comedy
noun : a type of entertainment with funny characters and a happy ending
commerce
noun : the buying and selling of goods; business or trade
commonplace
adjective : ordinary
commotion
noun : confusion; noisy activity
companion
noun : a person or pet you spend a lot of time with or who accompanies you somewhere
compare
verb : to look at something to see how it is the same or different from something else
compartment
noun : a separate section of something
compel
verb : to force or motivate someone to do something
compete
verb : to do something for the purpose of winning
competent
adjective : able to do a job well
complex
adjective : having many different parts; difficult to achieve or understand
complexion
noun : the color, texture, and general appearance of the skin on a person's face
complicate
verb : to make something more complex and, as a result, more difficult or confusing
compliment
verb : to use words to express praise and admiration
comprehend
verb : to understand the meaning of something
compute
verb : to determine or calculate using mathematics
conceal
verb : to hide
concern
noun : a feeling of worry or interest; also, something you are worried about or interested in
conclude
verb : to bring something to an end
concrete
noun : a rough, heavy building material that is spread or poured and that hardens into a material similar to stone
condense
verb : to change from a gas to a liquid
confess
verb : to admit or state that one has done something wrong
confetti
noun : small bits of colored paper thrown in celebration
confident
adjective : sure of oneself; certain
confirm
verb : to establish that something is true based on facts
conflict
noun : a disagreement of ideas, principles, or opinions between people or groups; a fight, battle, or war
confuse
verb : to cause someone to be mixed up about something; to make something harder to understand
congratulate
verb : to offer praise or good wishes for an achievement or on a special occasion
connect
verb : to bring together
conquer
verb : to take control of a person, group, place, or thing, usually by force
conscious
adjective : responsive; awake and aware
conserve
verb : to protect a natural place or resource so it will last longer
considerate
adjective : showing concern for other people's feelings
consistent
adjective : unchanging over time
constant
adjective : steady; not changing
consult
verb : to look for or receive advice from an expert or another source of information
contact
verb : to communicate with someone, usually to give or receive information
contrast
verb : to look at something to see how it is different from something else
contrite
adjective : feeling sorry for having done something wrong
convict
verb : to prove guilty of a crime
cookout
noun : a get-together in which food is cooked and eaten outdoors
cornet
noun : a brass instrument that is similar to a short, wide trumpet
corridor
noun : a long, narrow hallway in a building
corsage
noun : a small bouquet of flowers that is pinned to a woman's dress or blouse
cosmetics
noun : products put on the body, especially the face, to enhance beauty
cottontail
noun : a rabbit that has a brownish coat and a short tail that is white on the underside
couch
noun : a piece of furniture for two or more people to sit on
counsel
verb : to give guidance or advice
counterfeit
adjective : a copy of something, especially money, that is made to look like the real thing
cove
noun : a small or narrow bay
covey
noun : a small flock of birds, especially game birds
cowslip
noun : a wild plant with fragrant yellow flowers
coy
adjective : pretending to be shy or modest to try to spark someone's interest
crag
noun : a steep or rugged cliff or rocky surface
crane
noun : a machine with long, movable arms used to lift things
crave
verb : to want something a lot
crayfish
noun : a freshwater crustacean that looks similar to a small lobster
crease
verb : to fold
credit
noun : approval, praise, or acknowledgment given to a person for a quality, work, or achievement
crescent
noun : a curved shape with two pointed ends that looks like the Moon when it is waxing or waning
cringe
verb : to feel an inner shiver of embarrassment or disgust
crochet
noun : a type of needlework that uses yarn and a hooked needle to make a loose type of fabric
crock
noun : a pot or jar made of baked clay that has been glazed so it can hold liquids
croup
noun : a sickness that is most common in children, with symptoms that include coughing and difficulty in breathing
cruise
verb : to travel smoothly at a speed that is neither very slow nor fast
crumble
verb : to break apart into small pieces
crumple
verb : to crush an object so it becomes wrinkled
crutches
noun : long sticks with pieces across the top that are leaned on by people who have trouble walking
cubbyhole
noun : a small space or room
cubic
adjective : relating to the volume of a cube whose edge is a precise unit
cue
noun : a signal for a performer to begin
cuff
noun : the part of a sleeve that goes around a wrist; the turned-up bottom of a pair of pants
cultivate
verb : to raise crops; to prepare the soil for farming or gardening
culvert
noun : a tunnel or pipe that carries water under a road or railroad
curb
noun : a concrete or stone edge of a street
curd
noun : the thickened or solid part of sour milk
curse
noun : magical words that are said to cause trouble or bad luck for someone
cushion
noun : a pad or pillow stuffed with soft material
custody
noun : the protective care of someone or something; imprisonment
cuticle
noun : the narrow strip of dead skin at the base of a fingernail or toenail
cyclone
noun : a hurricane that develops in the Southwest Indian Ocean or the South Pacific Ocean
dagger
noun : a short knife with a sharp point that is used as a weapon
dame
noun : a woman of the same rank as a knight; an informal word for a woman
dandruff
noun : small flakes of dead skin in a person's hair
dangle
verb : to hang loosely
dapple
adjective : having spotted markings
darling
noun : an caring way to address a person who is loved
data
noun : facts and information, such as measurements or statistics, used to analyze or plan
debt
noun : something, usually money, that is owed to someone else
decay
verb : to decompose through the action of fungi and bacteria
decent
adjective : having good taste or manners; acceptable; kind
deckhand
noun : a crew member on a ship whose job is to take care of the decks and other parts of the ship
declare
verb : to make a strong statement or announcement
decline
verb : to become fewer, smaller, or worse; to politely say no
decoy
noun : an animal, real or fake, used by hunters to attract others of the same type; a fake object, such as a weapon, used to trick or trap
deed
noun : a signed document that contains the terms of an agreement, usually to do with property
defeat
verb : to win against or beat
deflate
verb : to let air or gas out of something
defrost
verb : to remove frost or ice from something, such as a windshield or freezer; to thaw frozen food
delay
verb : to be late or slow; to make someone or something late or slow
delicate
adjective : easily broken or damaged; soft or light in color or scent
delta
noun : an area of land shaped like a triangle formed by sediment at the mouth of a river
demand
noun : the need or desire for a good or service among people who can pay for it
democracy
noun : a form of government that is run by the people through free and frequent elections
demolish
verb : to destroy completely, usually a building or other large object
demon
noun : an evil spirit
demonstrate
verb : to show how something works; to show that something is true by using evidence or examples
denim
noun : a sturdy all-cotton fabric, often blue, that is used to make jeans, overalls, and other clothes
Denmark
noun : a small country in northwestern Europe mostly surrounded by water
dentistry
noun : the profession or work of a dentist
depart
verb : to go away from a place
depress
verb : to cause someone to feel very unhappy or hopeless
descend
verb : to move downward
destiny
noun : events that are going to happen in the future and can't be changed
determine
verb : to reach a conclusion through careful examination
determine
verb : to cause something to happen
device
noun : a thing that has been built for a purpose
devour
verb : to eat quickly or greedily
diagnose
verb : to identify an illness or injury
diameter
noun : the length of a straight line drawn through the center of a circle or a sphere from one side to another
diaphragm
noun : a sheet of muscle that allows the lungs to take in and release air
differ
verb : to be unlike someone or something
digest
verb : to process food in the body and turn it into energy
dignity
noun : self-esteem; worthiness of respect or esteem
dike
noun : long walls built to help keep water from flooding an area
diminish
verb : to get smaller or become less
dingo
noun : an Australian wild dog
diploma
noun : a certificate awarded to a student who graduates from high school or a technical school
discount
noun : a reduction in the price of something
disease
noun : a condition, other than one caused by injury, that changes the way a body normally functions; an illness
disgrace
noun : a loss of respect as a result of having done something dishonorable; a person or thing thought of as shameful
disk
noun : a round, flat shape; a round object
dismal
adjective : gloomy; dreary
dismiss
verb : to send away; to order or permit to leave
dispatch
verb : to send off
display
noun : a show, event, or demonstration; a collection available for the public to view
dispose
verb : to get rid of something
dispute
verb : to argue or challenge the truth of something
distinct
adjective : different; not the same
distinguish
verb : to tell one thing apart from another
distress
noun : extreme sorrow, anxiety, or pain
divorce
verb : to legally end a marriage
document
verb : to record information about an event in writing or in photographs
doe
noun : a female deer; the female of certain other mammal species
dogie
noun : a motherless calf
dogwood
noun : a decorative shrub or small tree that grows in northern regions and has wood that is hard
doily
noun : a decorative mat made of lace
dolt
noun : a disrespectful word for a person who lacks intelligence and makes poor decisions
domestic
adjective : related to one's family, the running of a home, or one's country
dominant
adjective : being more important, effective, or powerful than others
donate
verb : to give as a gift to a fund or a cause; to contribute
doom
noun : death, destruction, or another terrible ending
downfall
noun : a sudden fall, such as from power, wealth, or happiness; the cause of a sudden fall
draft
noun : a current of cool air in a room or other space
dragonfly
noun : a fast-flying insect with a long body and long, clear wings that stick straight out from its sides
drake
noun : a male duck
drawl
noun : a slow way of talking in which the vowel sounds are stretched out
dreary
adjective : dull, bleak, or depressing
drench
verb : to cause someone or something to be completely wet; to generously cover with something
droop
verb : to bend, sag, or hang limply
dry goods
noun : products such as clothing, fabric, and thread, that can be purchased
duchess
noun : a woman who is married to or the widow of a duke; a woman who has the same rank as a duke
duct
noun : a tube or channel that carries something
dude
noun : a city person, or an Easterner who is unfamiliar with life on a ranch
due
adjective : expected or required at a certain time
duet
noun : a performance by two people or a musical composition for two performers
dugout
noun : a canoe made from a hollowed-out tree trunk
dumbbell
noun : a short bar with weights at both ends
dungarees
noun : blue jeans or overalls
durable
adjective : sturdy and able to last for a long time
duty
noun : a job, responsibility, or obligation
dwindle
verb : to become smaller, weaker, or less numerous
dye
noun : a substance used to change the color of something
dynamite
noun : an explosive material used for blasting
earl
noun : a member of the British nobility ranking below a marquess and above a viscount
earnest
adjective : sincere or serious
earphone
noun : a small speaker worn in the ear to receive sound signals, such as from a telephone, radio, or other source of music
earshot
noun : the distance over which a person can hear others or be heard by others
easel
noun : a freestanding frame, often wooden, that supports an artist's work while they're painting or drawing it
eaves
noun : the low edges of a roof that meet or hang over the walls of a building
ebb
verb : to drop in level, as with a lowering tide; to lessen
eclipse
noun : the partial or complete hiding or darkening of one celestial body, such as the Sun or Moon, by another
ecology
noun : the study of organisms and their environment
economics
noun : the science or study of how goods and services are made, sold, and used
edible
adjective : safe to be eaten
eel
noun : a fish with a long, snakelike body
eerie
adjective : strange and frightening
efficient
adjective : making good use of time or resources
Egypt
noun : a country in northeastern Africa known as the United Arab Republic until 1971; site of an ancient civilization that flourished from 2600 to 30 BC
elect
verb : to choose a member of government by voting for him or her
embankment
noun : a ridge or mound of dirt that holds back water or supports a railroad track
emblem
noun : an image or object that is a symbol of something
embroider
verb : to decorate fabric by sewing patterns on it with thread or yarn
emerald
noun : a precious gem that is usually bright green in color
emphasis
noun : the stress given to a particular word, phrase, or musical note
employ
verb : to hire someone for pay; to use
encourage
verb : to urge someone in a helpful way to do something
enrich
verb : to improve by adding something
environment
noun : the natural world
epidemic
noun : the rapid spread of a disease within a community
episode
noun : an event that is part of a larger event or a series of events
equation
noun : a mathematical expression with an equal sign
equip
verb : to supply with needed items for a certain purpose
essence
noun : the quality or qualities that make something what it is
essential
adjective : necessary; very important
eternity
noun : time without beginning or end
Ethiopia
noun : a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa
eventual
adjective : happening at a later time or as a result of something
exaggerate
verb : to represent something as bigger, better, or more extreme than it is
exceed
verb : to go beyond
excel
verb : to perform extremely well
excess
adjective : more than expected, needed, or usual
expedition
noun : a journey or voyage; a group of people who go on a journey or voyage
explode
verb : to blow up or burst with a sudden release of energy
exponent
noun : a symbol that is written above and to the right of a number to show how many times the number is to be multiplied by itself
export
verb : to sell and send goods to another country or state
expose
verb : to reveal something; to subject or introduce someone or something to a substance, idea, or influence
exterior
noun : the outer part of something
extinct
adjective : not having erupted in thousands of years and showing no sign of erupting in the future; inactive
extinguish
verb : to put out or put an end to
eyepiece
noun : the lens or lenses closest to the eyes in a telescope, microscope, or binoculars
fable
noun : a short story that often has animals as characters and teaches a moral or lesson
fabric
noun : cloth, usually made by weaving
fabulous
adjective : wonderful; extraordinary
fad
noun : a widespread enthusiasm for something that is only popular for a short period of time
falter
verb : to begin to lose strength; to stumble or hesitate
fangs
noun : long, sharp, and sometimes hollow teeth
fantastic
adjective : wonderful
fare
noun : the money paid by a person to ride on a bus, train, or taxi
farewell
noun : good-bye
fatal
adjective : resulting in death
fate
noun : an outcome or series of events in a one’s life that is beyond his or her control
fathom
noun : a unit of measure equal to 2 yards, used mainly to measure water depth
feature
verb : to present or highlight
federal
adjective : relating to a government that serves many separate states or regions
fend
verb : to survive alone without anyone's help; to fight off an attack
fender
noun : a guard over each wheel of a vehicle that blocks the splashing of water or mud
ferment
verb : to undergo fermentation; to break down into a simpler form, such as happens in the creation of cheese and vinegar
ferret
noun : a long-bodied mammal in the weasel family that is kept as a pet
fiber
noun : food substances that cannot be digested but which help the process of digestion
fiddle
noun : a violin
fidget
verb : to move around restlessly
fig
noun : a small pear-shaped fruit with many seeds that is soft and sweet
filter
noun : a piece of paper or other porous material used to remove something unwanted from fluids or gases that pass through it
filth
noun : dirt that is disgusting
fizz
verb : to produce gas bubbles and make a hissing or sputtering sound
flair
noun : a special ability to do something well
flapjacks
noun : slang for pancakes
flaw
noun : a fault, mark, or other imperfection
flax
noun : a plant with stringy stems that are made into fabric; also, the fabric made from the plant
fleece
noun : the woolly coat of a sheep or goat; soft, warm cloth that has a texture similar to sheep's wool
flex
verb : to bend
flick
verb : to make a quick, jerky movement; to cause something to go flying, especially by using the fingers
flimsy
adjective : light, thin, or easily damaged
floss
noun : a soft thread used to clean between teeth
flounder
noun : a flat fish that lives in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans
flue
noun : a pipe that carries smoke and waste gases from a fireplace or other fuel-burning structure to the outside
fluke
noun : something, usually good luck, that happens by accident
fluorescent
adjective : having the ability to give off light by absorbing light of short wavelength and emitting light of longer wavelength; very bright in color
focus
noun : the center of one's attention
foe
noun : an enemy or opponent
fond
adjective : having a liking or love for something
foothills
noun : hills on the lower slope of a mountain range
fore
adverb : at or near the front part of a ship or plane
forecast
verb : to predict or estimate something in the future
foreman
noun : a person who organizes and watches over a small group of workers
forge
verb : to heat and hammer metal into a desired shape
forge
noun : a very hot fire where metal is melted to be shaped by a blacksmith
forklift
noun : a small truck with a pronged platform in front that is used to lift and move heavy loads
forlorn
adjective : sad or lonely due to being alone or having been abandoned
formal
adjective : following certain customs or rules about correctness
former
adjective : happening sometime in the past; having filled a role earlier
formula
noun : letters and numbers that describe how many atoms of each element are included in one molecule or compound
fortress
noun : a structure that has been strengthened as protection from attack
foster
adjective : having a relationship that involves raising a child other than one's own by birth
foundation
noun : the beginning point and support from which something develops
fourscore
noun : eighty
foxglove
noun : a plant with tall spikes and tube-shaped flowers that may be white, yellow, pink, or purple
fragment
verb : to break into smaller pieces
fragrant
adjective : having a sweet or pleasant smell
frail
adjective : physically weak
frantic
adjective : wild with anxiety, fear, or another similar emotion; very rushed or busy
fraternity
noun : a social club for male students at a college or university
fray
verb : to unravel or get worn at the edge as a result of rubbing
freight
noun : goods that are transported by a ship, plane, train, or truck; the shipping charges to send the goods
frequent
adjective : done or happening often or many times close together
frill
noun : a layer of hair, feathers, or skin around the edge of an animal's neck; a strip of pleated or gathered material along the edge of something
fringe
noun : a decorative border of threads that may be knotted, twisted, or left loose
frolic
verb : to play with great excitement, enjoyment, or energy
frontier
noun : a wilderness area at the edge of a country’s official border or settled region
fumes
noun : gas, vapor, or smoke that has a strong smell or is dangerous to breathe
function
verb : to act or work as expected
fund
noun : a savings account of an organization that raises money from events or activities to use for a certain purpose
funnel
noun : a tube that is wider at the top than at the bottom, used to guide liquid or powder into a small opening
furl
verb : to roll tightly
fury
noun : violent or wild anger
fuss
verb : to show unhappiness or unnecessary concern; to struggle to make something right
gag
verb : to choke
gain
verb : to increase the rate or amount of something
gale
noun : a very strong wind
gallant
adjective : heroic or brave
gape
verb : to stare with one's mouth open wide as an expression of wonder or surprise
gardenia
noun : a tree or shrub with large, fragrant yellow or white flowers
gargle
verb : to wash the mouth and throat with a liquid that moves by breathing out through it
garland
noun : a small group of branches arranged in a circle or semicircle
garlic
noun : a strong-smelling bulb used to flavor cooked foods and as an herbal medicine
gauge
noun : any instrument that measures something, such as volume or thickness
gazelle
noun : a small, swift, slender antelope that lives in Africa and Asia
gee
exclamation : a word used to express mild surprise, sympathy, or excitement
gel
noun : a jellylike substance that contains medicine or cosmetic ingredients
gem
noun : a mineral or organic material that can be cut and polished for use in jewelry
generate
verb : to produce or create
genius
noun : a person with a tremendous skill or talent in a particular area
genuine
adjective : real; sincere
geology
noun : the study of rocks, soil, and minerals
geometry
noun : the branch of math that deals with lines, angles, surfaces, and shapes
Gettysburg
noun : a town in Pennsylvania that was the site of a famous battle during the American Civil War
ghetto
noun : a section of a city where many members of a minority live, usually in poverty
glade
noun : an open area in a forest
gland
noun : an organ that makes and gives off chemicals that are necessary for a body process
gleam
verb : to shine softly
glee
noun : great joy or delight
glory
noun : fame or honor that comes from special achievements; great beauty
gloss
verb : to give only brief attention to
gnash
verb : to grind the teeth together
gob
noun : a lump of something soft or sticky
gorge
verb : to greedily eat a large amount of food
govern
verb : to make and enforce laws for a country or area; to determine how something is correctly done
grandstand
noun : the main seating area at a stadium or racetrack
granite
noun : a hard volcanic rock used to make monuments and buildings
grasp
verb : to grab and hold onto firmly
gratitude
noun : the feeling of being grateful or thankful
grave
adjective : very serious or important
gravel
noun : a loose mixture of rock fragments
Great Britain
noun : an island to the northwest of mainland Europe on which the countries of England, Scotland, and Wales are located
Greece
noun : a country in southeastern Europe on the Mediterranean Sea
grenade
noun : a small bomb that may be thrown by hand or fired from a weapon
grief
noun : deep sorrow, especially caused by someone's death or another serious loss
grim
adjective : lacking cheerfulness or hope
grime
noun : dirt that is hard to remove
grit
noun : small, loose pieces of sand or stone; the fineness or coarseness of stone
groggy
adjective : dazed or weak, often due to illness or sleepiness
groove
noun : a long, narrow cut or channel in a surface
grope
verb : to feel blindly or uncertainly with the hands
grout
noun : a paste or mortar used to fill in the spaces between tiles
grove
noun : a small group of trees
grumble
noun : a complaint, especially a quiet or silent one
guilt
noun : the fact, or a feeling, of having done something wrong
gush
verb : to flow suddenly and often forcefully
gust
noun : a brief, strong increase in wind
gutter
noun : a shallow trough under the edge of a roof that catches and carries away rainwater
guzzle
verb : to drink a beverage quickly and greedily; to use up something quickly
habitat
noun : the natural environment of a plant or animal
halt
noun : the stopping of movement, action, or progress
halter
noun : headgear placed around a horse or other animal to lead it or tie it up
hamper
noun : a large container with a lid, used to hold dirty laundry
handicap
noun : a disability or disadvantage that may limit what a person can do
hare
noun : a type of mammal that is closely related to a rabbit
harness
verb : to control or make use of in order to produce energy
haste
noun : very fast action; hurry
haunt
verb : to visit a place in the form of a ghost or other supernatural being
haven
noun : a place that offers comfort, rest, protection, or shelter
haze
noun : tiny particles of moisture, dust, or smoke in the air that lower visibility
headset
noun : a set of headphones, usually with an attached microphone
headstone
noun : a stone placed at a grave, usually bearing the name of the person who has died
hearth
noun : an outdoor or indoor fire used for cooking, lighting, and warmth
hectic
adjective : full of rush, confusion, and excitement
hedgehog
noun : a small mammal that is covered with spines
heir
noun : a man who inherits, or is next in line to inherit, the property, money, or title of another person
heirloom
noun : an object of special value that has belonged to a family for many generations
helter-skelter
adverb : in a confused and careless way
hereby
adverb : by means of this act, words, or document
herewith
adverb : along with this
heroine
noun : a woman who has done something very brave, noble, or remarkable
heron
noun : a large, long-legged freshwater wading bird
hickory
noun : a tree in the walnut family that has hard wood and produces edible nuts
highness
noun : used as a title for a member of a royal family
hilarious
adjective : extremely funny
hitchhike
verb : to travel by riding for free in passing vehicles
hoarse
adjective : having a rough voice
hobble
verb : to walk awkwardly, usually due to stiffness or an injury
hog
noun : a member of the pig family
hogan
noun : the traditional home of the Navajo people
homely
adjective : plain or unattractive
homestead
noun : a house and the land around it
honeydew
noun : a pale green melon with sweet green flesh
honeymoon
noun : a vacation that a newly married couple takes together
honeysuckle
noun : a shrub or vine with fragrant white, yellow, or pink tubular flowers
hopper
noun : a funnel-shaped bin or chute used to store loose materials
horde
noun : a large, moving group of people
horizon
noun : the line where Earth's surface and the sky appear to meet
hornet
noun : a large, stinging wasp
horsepower
noun : a unit of power equal to 746 watts
hostile
adjective : very unfriendly
hourglass
noun : a device used for measuring time in which sand flows from one glass chamber into another, used to measure one hour
howdy
exclamation : a word used casually as a greeting, especially in the western part of the United States
hue
noun : a pure color found in the rainbow; a shade of color other than white or black
hummingbird
noun : a tiny bird that can hover and fly backward
humus
noun : the organic component of soil that is composed of plant decay
hurricane
noun : a strong, spinning storm with heavy rain and high winds that starts over an ocean, especially beginning in the Atlantic Ocean
husk
noun : the outer covering of some fruits and seeds
identity
noun : what identifies someone
ignorant
adjective : not having knowledge about something
ignore
verb : to refuse to pay attention to something or someone
illegal
adjective : against or forbidden by a law or rule
illustrate
verb : to draw something
immune
adjective : protected from a disease
imp
noun : a small creature that plays mischievous or harmful tricks
implement
noun : a utensil, tool, or other equipment used for a certain type of work
import
verb : to bring in and buy goods from another country or state
impress
verb : to have a positive or lasting effect on someone
impulse
noun : a sudden strong urge to do something
incense
noun : a substance that releases a pleasant smell when burned
incident
noun : a single event
incline
noun : a slanting surface
include
verb : to have, contain, or take in as part of a group or set
income
noun : money that is received from work or another source
independent
adjective : self-governing
India
noun : a country in southern Asia with a culture that dates back thousands of years
infant
noun : a human baby
infantry
noun : groups of soldiers fighting on foot
infect
verb : to spread a disease-causing organism to another person, animal, or plant
inform
verb : to tell or give information about something
informal
adjective : having a relaxed or unofficial style
inhabit
verb : to occupy or live in
initial
adjective : being or happening at the beginning
injure
verb : to harm or damage a living thing
inland
adverb : in or toward the middle of an island or area of land; away from a coastline
inlet
noun : a narrow strip of water that leads from a body of water into land
input
verb : to enter data into a computer system
inquire
verb : to ask someone for information
insert
verb : to put something inside another thing
inspire
verb : to encourage a person to act
install
verb : to add a piece of equipment or software so it is ready to use
instinct
noun : inherited behavior that leads animals of the same species to act certain ways in certain situations
insult
noun : a rude or offensive remark or action
integer
noun : a number that is not a fraction; a whole number
intense
adjective : extreme, forceful, or existing to a high degree
intent
adjective : intense, focused, and determined
interior
adjective : having to do with the inner part of something
intermediate
adjective : coming between two other things in place, time, or order
interpret
verb : to tell, explain, or understand the meaning of something
intersect
verb : to cut or cross another object
interview
noun : a face-to-face meeting, especially for the purpose of possible employment
invert
verb : to turn upside down or in the opposite order or position
invest
verb : to put money into a business opportunity that offers the possibility of future profit
invoice
noun : a list of charges for goods or services; a bill
involve
verb : to include as a part
ion
noun : an atom that has gained or lost electrons and has an electrical charge
Iran
noun : a country in the Middle East located between the Caspian Sea and the Persian Gulf
irritate
verb : to cause someone to be annoyed, angry, or impatient; to cause discomfort in a body part
Israel
noun : a Middle Eastern country located at the east end of the Mediterranean Sea
issue
verb : to supply, send out, or put on sale
jailbird
noun : a person who is in jail or who has been in jail more than one time
jest
noun : a joke or trick
jiffy
noun : a very short period of time
jitters
noun : a feeling of nervousness or uneasiness
jog
verb : to run slowly
johnnycake
noun : a bread made with cornmeal
jot
verb : to write something quickly
jumbo
adjective : very large
juvenile
adjective : young or undeveloped; suitable for children
katydid
noun : a large green grasshopper
kayak
noun : an Inuit word for a canoelike boat that is moved by a paddle
keen
adjective : sharp; perceptive
keg
noun : a small barrel, usually with a capacity of less than 30 gallons
kelp
noun : a large, brown seaweed that grows in the ocean
kerchief
noun : a square of cloth worn as a head covering or as a scarf
kidnap
verb : to use force to take someone away, usually for the purpose of getting money in exchange for his or her release
knack
noun : a talent for performing a task
knead
verb : to mix and work dough by folding and pressing it before baking
knight
noun : a soldier in medieval Europe who held a high military rank, who usually rode a horse and wore armor while fighting
lacrosse
noun : a team sport that uses a small rubber ball and a long stick with a loose net at one end
lag
verb : to fall behind; to move too slowly
lair
noun : the resting or living place of a wild animal or dangerous person
landmark
noun : an important historical building or site; an object on land that marks a place
lapse
noun : an error in memory, concentration, or judgment
larkspur
noun : a plant that bears bright, spurred flowers in blue, pink, or white on an upright stalk
latex
noun : the sap of certain plants that becomes solid when exposed to air
lather
noun : foam formed when soap is mixed with water
latitude
noun : the distance in degrees north or south of the equator
latter
adjective : the second one of two things that have been mentioned
lattice
noun : a framework made of crossed wooden or metal strips
laurel
noun : an evergreen tree or shrub that has large, fragrant leaves and yellow flowers
league
noun : a group of sports teams that play each other
leash
noun : a cord or strap for controlling and guiding a dog or other animal
lecture
verb : to give an educational talk on a topic
legal
adjective : allowed by the law
Lexington
noun : a town in northeastern Massachusetts where the first shot in the American Revolution was fired
license
noun : a legal document that gives official permission to do, own, or use something
linen
noun : a thin, light fabric made from the flax plant
liner
noun : a protective inner covering
linger
verb : to leave a place slowly and with hesitation; to take a lot of time to do something
link
noun : a relationship or connection between two or more people or things
linoleum
noun : a smooth floor covering made from canvas, linseed oil, and powdered cork
lisp
noun : a speech problem in which the speaker has difficulty saying "s" and "z" sounds correctly
literature
noun : written works that have lasting value
livelihood
noun : the work a person does to get the things needed to live
loam
noun : rich soil that contains sand, clay, and decaying organic materials
lob
verb : to hit or throw something so that it flies through the air along a high curving path
lobes
noun : a rounded or curved section of a body or organ, such as the ear, brain, or lungs
local
adjective : limited to a city, part of the body, or other particular place
locomotive
noun : a vehicle that acts as a large engine to push or pull railroad cars along tracks
locust
noun : a large grasshopper that migrates when its group's numbers get so large that a new food source must be found
loft
noun : a room right under the roof of a building, which may be used as living space or for storage
lottery
noun : a way to raise money by selling tickets and giving prizes to winners whose numbers are chosen randomly
Louisville
noun : the largest city in Kentucky, located in the north-central part of the state
lounge
noun : a public room in a building where people can sit and relax
loyal
adjective : constant and faithful to a person or institution
lozenge
noun : a small pill with medicine that is held in the mouth and sucked on
lumberjack
noun : a person who works in the logging industry, often cutting down trees
lunge
verb : to move forward suddenly and forcefully
lungs
noun : two organs in the chest that humans and animals use to breathe
lye
noun : a strong alkaline substance used to make soap or for washing
lyrics
noun : the words to a song
magenta
noun : a bright purple-red color; one of the four colors used in printing
mainland
noun : the main area of land of a continent or country
mainstay
noun : an important support on the foremast of a sailing ship; something that another thing depends on
maize
noun : corn; a kind of grain that was first cultivated in Mesoamerica
majesty
noun : impressive beauty or dignity; a title used when speaking to a ruler, especially a monarch
mallard
noun : a common and well-known duck
malt
noun : a grain that is soaked in water and used in brewing and distilling
mammoth
adjective : gigantic; enormous
manicure
noun : a cosmetic treatment for the hands that includes trimming, painting and/or polishing the fingernails
manor
noun : the main house on an estate; mansion
mansion
noun : a very large, fancy house
mantel
noun : a shelf located above a fireplace
manual
adjective : done by hand rather than by machine
mar
verb : to damage the appearance of something or ruin its quality
mare
noun : an adult female horse
marine
adjective : of or relating to the sea
marionette
noun : a puppet that has strings or wires attached to its limbs
maroon
noun : a dark brownish-red or purplish-red color
marsh
noun : an area of low-lying wetlands
marvelous
adjective : wonderful or amazing
masculine
adjective : having qualities commonly associated with men
mason
noun : a person who works and builds with stone
masquerade
noun : a costume party; a disguise or false show
mayonnaise
noun : a thick, creamy condiment made of egg yolks, oil, and vinegar
meditate
verb : to calm one's mind and sit in stillness for a time as a spiritual practice or to relax
medley
noun : a mixture of things; a collection of songs played together as one piece
meek
adjective : quiet, gentle, or timid
mellow
adjective : pleasantly rich, full, or soft
merchant
noun : a person who buys, trades, or sells goods
mercy
noun : kind treatment toward someone who deserves to be punished
merit
noun : a quality or feature that deserves to be praised
midst
noun : the middle of something; the place or environment of something surrounded by other things
midway
adverb : in or toward the middle of something
migrate
verb : to move from one habitat or region to another at a certain time each year
mildew
noun : a thin coating of tiny fungi that can grow on plants or other damp materials
military
noun : the armed forces of a country
millipede
noun : a slow-moving, wormlike arthropod that has two pairs of legs each on most of its many body segments
mimic
adjective : done in imitation of something else
miniature
noun : a small-scale model
minister
noun : a spiritual leader in a Protestant church
mink
noun : a dark-colored weasel that lives near water
minority
noun : a small group within a larger population; less than half
miracle
noun : a wondrous event, especially one that cannot be explained by nature or science
mischief
noun : behavior that is troublesome or annoying
missile
noun : an object that is thrown, shot, or launched as a weapon
mite
noun : a tiny bug related to spiders
mob
noun : a large or disorderly crowd
mockingbird
noun : a songbird that imitates the sounds of other animals
modify
verb : to make changes to something
module
noun : a self-contained part of a spacecraft
molasses
noun : a thick brown syrup that is a byproduct of making sugar
molecule
noun : the smallest part of a substance that can exist by itself, made of two or more atoms
molt
verb : to shed an outer covering such as skin, hair, feathers, or a shell before replacing it with a new layer
monarch
noun : a ruler of a kingdom or empire, such as a king or queen
monastery
noun : a group of buildings where monks or nuns live and worship
Montgomery
noun : the capital of Alabama, located in the south-central part of the state
monument
noun : a building, statue, or other structure built as a memorial to a person or event
moreover
adverb : in addition; besides
mortal
noun : a human being, who will eventually die
motto
noun : a phrase that represents a guiding idea of a person or group
mourn
verb : to grieve or feel sad, especially for someone who has died
mucus
noun : a thick, slimy liquid created in a body to protect tissues and keep them wet
multitude
noun : a large number of items
municipal
adjective : relating to a small place that is self-governed
murder
noun : a group of crows
murky
adjective : gloomy and dark, especially because of mist or clouds
murmur
noun : a soft, unclear sound made by one or more people speaking quietly or far away
muskrat
noun : a large North American rodent that looks somewhat like a small beaver with a long, scaly tail
mustang
noun : a wild horse of western North America
muzzle
noun : the part of an animal's face that sticks out and contains the nose and mouth
nag
noun : a horse that is old, in poor health, or worn out
naval
adjective : having to do with a navy
navigate
verb : to find one's way over a long distance; to steer a course toward a destination
nectar
noun : the sweet liquid that flowering plants make
negative
adjective : a number quantity less than zero
neon
noun : a type of gas used in advertising signs and fluorescent lamps
network
noun : a group of computers or things that are connected to each other
neutral
adjective : not supporting either side in a conflict; not expressing thoughts or opinions on a subject
nevertheless
adverb : in spite of which; still; however
Niagara Falls
noun : a huge waterfall on the Niagara River between Ontario, Canada, and New York State
nicknack
noun : a small decorative object
Nigeria
noun : a country in West Africa on the Gulf of Guinea
nightfall
noun : the end of the day
noble
adjective : having fine qualities that are worthy of respect
nominate
verb : to name someone for a job, award, or position
normal
adjective : similar to what is common or expected
nostril
noun : one of the two openings of the nose
notify
verb : to let someone know something, often in an official way
nourish
verb : to provide food or other substances needed for growth and health
nuclear
adjective : having to do with energy or a weapon that involves a nuclear reaction
nugget
noun : a small lump of gold or another precious metal
null
adjective : having no legal power
obstacle
noun : something that gets in the way, preventing progress or movement
obstruct
verb : to block, prevent, or get in the way of
obtain
verb : to gain control or ownership of something
obvious
adjective : easily understood, clear, or apparent
occasion
noun : a single event, often a special one
occupy
verb : to live or work in a place; to take up a certain amount of space
octopus
noun : a sea animal with a soft body and eight arms with suckers
offend
verb : to cause someone to feel anger, displeasure, or disgust
official
adjective : approved and final
offset
verb : to cancel or decrease the effect of something; to make up for something
offshore
adjective : located at sea a far distance from shore
ointment
noun : a smooth substance used as a medicine for the skin
Olympics
noun : an international multisport event
omelet
noun : a dish made of beaten eggs mixed with other ingredients and then fried
opal
noun : a multicolored gemstone that is somewhat transparent, or see-through
opera
noun : a theatrical performance in which the story is told in song
opossum
noun : a primitive mammal about the size of a cat that looks similar to a large rat
opponent
noun : a person who is on the other side in a game, fight, or discussion
origin
noun : the beginning of something; the source from which a thing came
ornate
adjective : decorated with great detail
orphan
noun : a child whose parents have both died
otherwise
adverb : in a different way; under different conditions
outcome
noun : the result or consequence of something
outlaw
noun : a person who has broken the law, especially one who has not yet been caught
outlet
noun : a place or opening through which something is let out
outline
noun : a summary or plan for a written work
outpost
noun : a small settlement far away from other settlements, usually for military purposes
outsmart
verb : to defeat someone through the use of cleverness
outstanding
adjective : exceptionally good; standing out from others
outward
adjective : of or relating to the way that someone or something looks or seems on the outside
ovary
noun : the female reproductive organ of a plant or animal
overboard
adverb : over the side of a ship and into the water
overcast
adjective : cloudy
overcome
verb : to win a victory or rise above something
overlook
verb : to fail to notice something
overwhelm
verb : to overpower with feelings or sensory stimulation; to bury, drown, or defeat
oxide
noun : a chemical compound that includes oxygen
oyster
noun : a kind of mollusk with two shells that are irregular in shape and have a rough surface
pace
noun : the speed at which something or someone moves, especially when walking or running
Pakistan
noun : a country in southern Asia on the Arabian Sea
palette
noun : a thin board or other surface on which an artist mixes colors; the range of colors used in a work of art
pamphlet
noun : a brochure or other brief printed item that contains information on a single subject and is not expensive to print
panel
noun : a group of people who are selected for a specific purpose and limited time, especially to evaluate or investigate something
panic
verb : to feel sudden or uncontrollable fear or worry
panorama
noun : a complete view in every direction
panther
noun : a black leopard or jaguar; a mountain lion
paperback
noun : a book with a soft cover
parakeet
noun : a small bird in the parrot family that is a common pet
parallel
noun : any of the imaginary circles around Earth that are parallel to the equator and mark degrees of latitude
parasite
noun : a plant or animal that grows on or feeds off another
parchment
noun : a thin, stiff material used to write
Paris
noun : the capital and largest city in France
parliament
noun : a group of government officials who can make and change a nation's laws
parlor
noun : a sitting room for receiving guests in a private home
parole
noun : the release of a prisoner on the promise of good behavior
participle
noun : a form of a verb that is used to show a past or present action and that can also be used like an adjective
pastel
adjective : soft and delicate in color
pasteurize
verb : a process that slows the growth of microbes in food
pastime
noun : a hobby or activity
pastor
noun : a minister or priest in charge of a church or congregation
pastry
noun : a dough made of flour, water, and shortening; desserts made from that dough
patty
noun : a small, round, flat cake made of ground food
payroll
noun : people who get paid for work; also, the amount of money needed to pay those people
peal
noun : a loud sound that repeats
peat
noun : a brown soil-like material used in gardening and as fuel
pecan
noun : a smooth brown nut grown in the southern United States and Mexico
peculiar
adjective : unusual or strange
peg
noun : a short, round piece of wood, plastic, or metal that is used for hanging something up or holding things together
pelt
noun : the furry coat of a mammal, especially after it has been removed from the dead animal
penalty
noun : a punishment for breaking a rule
penicillin
noun : a group of antibiotics that is used to treat certain bacterial infections
peninsula
noun : a long piece of land almost completely surrounded by water
penmanship
noun : the art or skill of writing by hand
pep
noun : energy or liveliness
per
preposition : for each
percent
noun : a part or fraction of a whole, expressed in hundredths
perform
verb : to be part of a public show
permanent
adjective : lasting or meant to last forever; not changing
perpendicular
adjective : at a 90° angle to a line or plane
personal
adjective : about, or belonging to, one person
perspire
verb : to sweat
Peru
noun : a country on the Pacific coast of South America
petroleum
noun : a liquid mixture that occurs naturally under Earth's surface and is used to make fuels and many other products
phantom
noun : a presence, such as a ghost, that can be seen, heard, or sensed but is not physically there
pharmacy
noun : a store where medicinal drugs are sold
photograph
noun : a picture made using a camera
physical
adjective : having to do with the body or with natural or structural aspects or features
physician
noun : a medical doctor
pierce
verb : to make a hole or opening in something
pigment
noun : a substance that gives color to something
pimple
noun : a small spot on the skin that is inflamed and raised
pinball
noun : an arcade game played on a special machine in which a player scores points by hitting targets with a rolling ball controlled by a set of levers
ping
noun : a sharp, high-pitched sound like that of a bullet striking metal
pinto
noun : a horse with large patches of white and any other color
pitchfork
noun : a long, fork-shaped tool with a long handle used especially in pitching hay
Pittsburgh
noun : a city in southwestern Pennsylvania
plague
noun : a contagious disease that spreads quickly and causes many deaths
plaid
noun : a pattern of uneven stripes in both directions that repeat
plank
noun : a long, flat piece of wood, especially one used in building
plaque
noun : a flat decoration fixed to a surface that it is inscribed to honor someone or something
pliers
noun : a tool used for gripping that has two rounded metal "jaws" attached like scissors
plod
verb : to walk heavily and slowly
plume
noun : a long cloud or mass of other material in the shape of a feather
plunder
verb : to steal everything of value using force
plunge
verb : to dive or fall rapidly; to quickly and forcefully push something into something else
plunk
verb : to strum or pluck a string on a musical instrument with your fingers
plywood
noun : two or more layers of thin wood glued together to make a stronger board
poach
verb : to kill a wild animal illegally
poker
noun : a metal rod for moving coal or wood in a fire
Poland
noun : a European country on the Baltic Sea
politics
noun : the activities having to do with government
polo
noun : a game similar to field hockey played on horseback
pompom
noun : a small, soft ball that is used as a decoration
pope
noun : the head of the Catholic Church
pore
noun : a tiny opening
portion
noun : a part or amount of something larger
Portugal
noun : a country in southwestern Europe located west of Spain
posh
adjective : elegant and fashionable
posse
noun : a group of people gathered by a sheriff to help with law enforcement
potion
noun : a liquid mixture that is supposed to have medicinal, magical, or poisonous effects
Potomac River
noun : a river that flows from West Virginia along the border of Washington, DC, and into the Atlantic
poverty
noun : the state of being poor
powder
noun : tiny, dry particles, often produced by crushing or grinding a substance
powwow
noun : a Native American celebration that includes dance, music, arts, crafts, and food
precise
adjective : exact in movement or operation
pregnant
adjective : the condition of a woman or other female animal of having one or more babies developing inside her body
premium
adjective : having higher value or worth than usual
preserve
verb : to take care of and save for the future
previous
adjective : coming earlier in time or order; the one before
prick
verb : to use a sharp object to make a small hole in something
priest
noun : an ordained minister in the Catholic, Orthodox, or Anglican Church; a holy person with official duties in most any religion
prime
verb : to get something ready for a particular purpose
primer
noun : a book that teaches basic information on a particular subject
primitive
adjective : at or from an earlier or simpler stage of development
privilege
noun : a special benefit enjoyed under certain conditions; an honor
pro
noun : an advantage; an argument in favor of something
probable
adjective : likely, but not sure; possible
probe
verb : to investigate or explore something to get information
proceed
verb : to continue to do something, especially after stopping
procession
noun : a train of people or vehicles; a formal parade
profession
noun : a paid occupation, especially one that requires training and/or a specialized education
profile
noun : the degree to which a person or organization draws public attention
profit
noun : the money earned from a business or investment after all costs are paid
projector
noun : a machine that shows an image on a surface
promote
verb : to move forward the progress of something; to suggest an idea with the hope of having it gain acceptance
prop
noun : a movable object used on the set of a play or movie
propel
verb : to push somebody or something forward
prophet
noun : a person who is believed to bring a message from God or a god
prospector
noun : a person who searches for minerals such as gold and silver
protein
noun : an essential nutrient found in the cells of all living things
proverb
noun : an old and familiar saying that expresses a basic truth or belief
province
noun : any one of the largest areas that some countries are divided into
prune
noun : a dried plum
pry
verb : to use a lever to pull something open or apart; to ask a nosy question
pucker
verb : to tighten a part of the body so it becomes wrinkled
pudgy
adjective : chubby
pueblo
noun : a Spanish word for "town" or "village"; a large adobe building made by prehistoric Native Americans in the Southwest
pug
noun : a small breed of dog with short fur, a tightly curled tail, and a wrinkled face
pulpit
noun : a platform or reading desk in a place of worship where the leader stands to speak
puma
noun : a large wild cat that is yellow-gray in color and lives in North, Central, and South America
pun
noun : a play on words
puny
adjective : small, weak, or low in number or quality
Puritan
noun : a member of a British Protestant religious group that came to North America seeking religious freedom
pursue
verb : to follow in order to catch or attack; to follow a course of action to achieve a goal
putty
noun : a type of cement used to repair holes and seal cracks
quality
noun : a feature or characteristic of something
quantity
noun : an amount or number of something
quarterback
noun : the player in a football game who signals plays and throws the ball
quartz
noun : a common mineral of which there are many varieties
Quebec
noun : a French-speaking province in eastern Canada
quill
noun : a pointed feather used in arrows and sometimes as pens
quirk
noun : a small personality trait or characteristic
rabies
noun : a deadly disease caused by a virus that is usually passed on through the bite of an infected animal
radiate
verb : to emit something, often light or heat in the form of rays or waves
radius
noun : a straight line from a circle's center to the edge of the circle
ragweed
noun : a common weed that produces pollen that can cause allergic reactions in some people
raid
noun : a surprise attack or invasion with a specific purpose
rank
noun : the position of someone or something within a group
rascal
noun : a mischievous person or animal; a dishonest person
rash
adjective : being hasty in speaking or making decisions; reckless
rate
noun : a quantity or amount measured by comparing it to a unit of something else
raven
noun : a large black bird in the crow family
ravine
noun : a deep, narrow valley usually formed by flowing water
reap
verb : to cut or gather a crop when it is mature
rebel
noun : a person who speaks or acts out against authority
recent
adjective : done, made, or happening not long ago
reckless
adjective : lacking caution; careless of consequences
recommend
verb : to suggest; to give a good report about someone or something
recorder
noun : a machine that records sounds or images
recreation
noun : an activity done for fun, not for work
reek
verb : to give off a strong odor, usually an unpleasant one
refer
verb : to look at something for information
reflect
verb : to send light, sound, or heat back toward where it came from
regal
adjective : appearing like a king or queen
register
verb : to enter information for an official record
rehearse
verb : to practice something to prepare to perform it later
reign
noun : the period of time during which a single ruler is in power
rejoice
verb : to feel or express great joy or delight
relay
verb : to pass along something, such as information or a signal
release
verb : to make available or issue for use; to let go
relish
noun : chopped sweet pickles eaten as a condiment
render
verb : to give or supply
republic
noun : a nation led by a president and governed by elected representatives
require
verb : to need something
resemble
verb : to be like or similar to in some way
resent
verb : to feel anger toward someone, often because of a perceived wrong or injustice
reserve
adjective : an extra or spare of something held for future use
resin
noun : a fragrant, sticky substance made from tree sap
resist
verb : to fight against something; to oppose control or change
resort
noun : a course of action or strategy that may be used in a difficult situation
resource
noun : a supply of something valuable or very useful
restore
verb : to return something to its original condition
retina
noun : a layer of light-sensitive cells at the back of the eye
reverse
noun : the back of a coin or other object
revolt
verb : to fight against a government or authority
revolver
noun : a pistol with chambers that turn, allowing for several bullets to be fired before reloading
rickety
adjective : weak and shaky; likely to fall over
ridicule
verb : to make fun of someone
rim
noun : the edge of something circular
rind
noun : the natural outer covering of some foods
risk
noun : a situation that could be dangerous or cause harm; likelihood
rival
noun : a competitor for superiority or a prize
roan
adjective : having a dark coat with white hairs mixed in
role
noun : the part played by an actor in a performance; the part played by a person or thing in a larger effort
Rome
noun : one of the most important ancient cities and the center of the Roman Empire; the modern-day capital of Italy
romp
verb : to run or play with great energy
rookie
noun : a person who is new to a job or activity and has little or no experience
roost
noun : a place where birds sleep or rest
roster
noun : a list of names or jobs
rotate
verb : to turn on a center or axis; revolve
rouge
noun : a red powder or other makeup used to add color to the cheeks or lips
rubbish
noun : unwanted material; trash
rubble
noun : rough pieces of stone, concrete, brick, or other material from a building that has been destroyed
ruckus
noun : a disturbance; noisy activity
rudder
noun : a device near the back of a boat, ship, or airplane that controls steering
ruddy
adjective : having a healthy reddish color
rugged
adjective : having a rough, uneven, or broken surface
rumor
noun : a story passed from person to person that has not been proved true
rumpus
noun : a noisy disturbance
runway
noun : a flat, smooth strip of ground where an airplane can take off and land
rustic
adjective : having a simple charm that is more common among country people than city people
Sacramento
noun : the capital of California
saint
noun : a person who has been formally recognized for having lived a holy, devout, or virtuous life
Salem
noun : a port city in northeastern Massachusetts, famous for witchcraft trials in the late 1600s
saliva
noun : a liquid in the mouth that mixes with food to help begin digestion; spit
salon
noun : a place where people go to get beauty treatments
Salt Lake City
noun : the capital of Utah
salute
verb : to make a sign of respect or recognition to a superior officer or other person, often using a hand motion
sandpaper
noun : paper that has sand or another scratchy material stuck to one side
saucy
adjective : being rude and disrespectful
savage
adjective : fierce, violent or wild
scab
noun : a dry, rough crust that forms over a wound while it is healing
scamp
noun : a mischievous person
scan
noun : to move an object across an electromagnetic beam in order to pick up information about it
scarlet
noun : bright red
scholar
noun : an educated person
scoff
verb : to show disapproval by making fun of something or someone
scorch
verb : to burn the surface of something without setting it on fire
scorned
adjective : treated with contempt or disapproval
Scotland
noun : a European country in the northern part of the island of Great Britain and a division of the United Kingdom
scrap
noun : waste material, especially metal, that is not needed or that is left over from a project
scrawl
verb : to write in a hurried, messy way
scrawny
adjective : thin and bony to the point of being unattractive
screech
noun : a loud and very high-pitched cry or sound
script
noun : the written text of a play, movie, or television show
scuffle
verb : to walk with dragging feet
sediment
noun : particles of dirt and rock that are carried by water, wind, or ice and deposited elsewhere
seep
verb : to flow or leak slowly through small openings
segment
noun : a part of something
semester
noun : a period of study in school or college equal to half of a school year
Senate
noun : the smaller body of Congress, the branch of the U.S. government that makes laws; a similar body at the state level
senior
adjective : related to an older person
serene
adjective : peaceful and calm
session
noun : a period of time for a certain activity
severe
adjective : extremely harsh or unpleasant
shaft
noun : the straight wooden part of an arrow
shamble
verb : to walk awkwardly with your feet dragging
shank
noun : the straight, narrow part of an object
shatter
verb : to break or cause to break into many pieces suddenly and violently
sheaf
noun : a bundle of cut stalks of grain bound with straw; a bundle of things fastened together
shear
verb : to cut the wool off a sheep or other animal
sheath
noun : a case for the blade of a knife or sword
shield
verb : to protect or hide
shimmer
verb : to shine in a wavering, unsteady way
shin
noun : the front portion of the leg between the knee and the ankle
shingles
noun : rectangular tiles used on roofs or outside walls of houses
showdown
noun : a final test or conflict to settle a disagreement
shriek
verb : to make a loud, high-pitched sound
shrivel
verb : to dry up and become wrinkled
shudder
verb : to suddenly shake or tremble
shun
verb : to stay away from
sieve
noun : a bowl-shaped screen held in a round frame that is used to separate solids from liquids
silkworm
noun : the caterpillar of the silkworm moth, bred to produce silk fiber
silt
noun : fine-grained soil materials that are carried by running water and deposited
sincere
adjective : genuine and honest
singe
verb : to lightly burn the surface of something
sketch
verb : to make a rough drawing or diagram of something
skipper
noun : the captain of a boat or ship
skit
noun : a short play that is usually funny
skull
noun : the main bone structure of the head
skyline
noun : the outline that city buildings make against the sky
slack
noun : the part of something that hangs loosely
slate
noun : a guide used with a stylus to make sure each raised dot in Braille is properly spaced
slats
noun : narrow strips of wood, metal, or plastic
slaughter
noun : the killing of animals for food; the killing of many people or other animals in a violent or cruel way
slay
verb : to kill violently
slingshot
noun : a forked stick with rubber strips attached to it that is used to shoot small stones
slink
verb : to move in a sneaky way, often because of embarrassment, sadness, or fear
slit
noun : a long, straight cut or opening in something
sliver
noun : a thin piece of something
slogan
noun : a catchy phrase used to promote a product, a service, or a political movement
slosh
verb : to move in water or another liquid in a noisy way
slot
noun : a long, narrow slit in a machine where something can be inserted
slum
noun : a poor, crowded area of a city
slump
verb : to drop off or decline; to sit, stand, or walk with a stooped or rounded posture
slush
noun : partly melted snow or ice
smirk
verb : to smile in a mocking manner
smug
adjective : feeling or showing a great deal of pride in one's achievements
snapper
noun : a food fish that lives in warm oceans
snapshot
noun : an informal photo, usually taken with a small camera
snare
noun : a trap used to catch an animal, usually having a cord that slips around the animal's neck
snarl
noun : a tangled knot of hair or thread
sneer
verb : to show a strong feeling of dislike
snout
noun : the nose and mouth of an animal, especially one that sticks out
snuggle
verb : to hug and cuddle; to move into a cozy position
society
noun : an organized community of people who share laws, institutions, and traditions
sod
noun : the top layer of soil, including the roots of grass
sodium
noun : a soft metal found in salt
sole
noun : the bottom part of a foot or shoe
solemn
adjective : serious or sad
solution
noun : the correct answer to a question, problem, or puzzle; something that solves a problem or difficulty
somber
adjective : dark in color or mood; gloomy
sorrow
noun : extreme sadness
spatter
verb : to scatter drops of liquid
spearmint
noun : a common garden herb that has small purplish flowers
sperm
noun : a male reproductive cell
spine
noun : a column of bones that provides the main support for a vertebrate's body; the backbone, or vertebral column
spire
noun : the pointed top of a tower or other building
spirit
noun : energy; enthusiasm
splendid
adjective : magnificent; excellent
spool
noun : a round object around which thread or other flexible material is wound
spout
noun : a tube, pipe, or hole that allows liquid to pass through
sprawl
verb : to sit or lie flat with arms and legs spread out
sprig
noun : a small shoot or twig from a plant
Springfield
noun : the capital of Illinois, located in the central part of the state
sprint
verb : to run or go as fast as possible, usually for a short distance
spruce
verb : to make neat or decorate to make more attractive
spurt
verb : to gush out suddenly
squall
noun : a sudden strong gust of wind, especially one accompanied by some form of precipitation
squelch
verb : to forcefully silence someone
squint
verb : to partly close one's eyes, either as protection from bright light or to try to see more clearly
stab
verb : to pierce or wound with a knife or other pointed instrument
stadium
noun : a place with many seats where people watch sports or other activities
stag
noun : a male deer
stagger
verb : to move or walk in an unsteady manner
stake
noun : a wooden or metal pole placed in the ground, often to support a plant as it grows
stammer
verb : to stutter
stampede
noun : a sudden rush of cattle or other herd animals that panic and run at top speed as a group
stanza
noun : a group of lines that form one of the sections of a poem or song
starch
noun : a chain of sugars that is made by plants and that makes up a carbohydrate
stateroom
noun : a private bedroom on a ship or train
static
adjective : not moving or changing
stead
noun : the usual place or function of a person or thing that is being substituted
stereo
noun : a sound system with two or more speakers
sterile
adjective : completely clean; free of germs
stern
noun : the back end of a boat or ship
stile
noun : a set of steps used to climb over a fence or wall
stilts
noun : posts that support a structure above the ground or water level; long poles that allow a person to walk high above the ground
stimulate
verb : to make active or more active; to excite
stirrup
noun : a ring with a flat bottom hung by a strap, usually on each side of a saddle
stoke
verb : to stir or add fuel to something that is burning
stoop
noun : a small platform or set of steps at the front door of a house
strangle
verb : to squeeze the throat hard enough to cause death
strategy
noun : a careful plan for solving a problem or achieving a goal
stray
verb : to go off course or wander
streetcar
noun : a vehicle that carries passengers and runs on electricity from an overhead cable
stress
noun : a state of physical or emotional tension; worry
strife
noun : angry disagreement
strut
verb : to walk in a proud or stiff manner
stub
verb : to accidentally bump one's toe against a hard surface
stud
noun : a male animal used for breeding
studio
noun : a place where an artist works
stun
verb : to knock someone unconscious; to astonish someone
stunt
noun : a difficult and often dangerous physical feat, often performed as entertainment
stutter
verb : to speak unevenly with repeating or interrupted sounds
style
noun : a certain manner of dressing or type of clothing or hairdo
submerge
verb : to put something under the surface of water or some other liquid
subscribe
verb : to sign up to receive something regularly by paying in advance
subsist
verb : to exist or continue to exist; to maintain life
suburb
noun : a neighborhood outside the central part of a city, especially one with many houses
suds
noun : a mass of bubbles made from soap and water
suede
noun : leather that has been rubbed on one side to make a soft, velvety surface
suicide
noun : the act of killing oneself on purpose
suite
noun : a group of things that make up a collection
suitor
noun : a man who wants to date and someday marry a certain woman
sulk
verb : to be in a bad mood due to disappointment or annoyance
sultan
noun : a monarch in a Muslim country, similar to a king or emperor
summary
noun : a short statement that tells the main points of something
summit
noun : the highest point of a mountain
superb
adjective : wonderful; excellent
supernatural
adjective : beyond what can be explained by natural laws; often relating to religion
superstition
noun : a belief not based in reason that comes from ignorance or fear
supreme
adjective : higher in rank than all others
surf
verb : to ride toward shore on the crest of a wave, usually on a surfboard
surgery
noun : medical treatment in which a doctor cuts into a patient's body to repair or remove damaged parts
survey
verb : to measure an area of land and determine its physical features to make a map or write a report
survive
verb : to stay alive; to continue to exist
swagger
verb : to walk or act in an arrogant way
swap
verb : to take part in a trade
swarm
noun : a large group, especially flying insects
swash
verb : to splash water around or against a surface
swoop
verb : to fly quickly in a downward direction
sympathy
noun : a feeling of connection or kinship; sadness for another person's troubles
symptom
noun : a specific sign of illness or injury
taffy
noun : chewy candy made from molasses or brown sugar that is boiled with butter and pulled until it's glossy
tang
noun : a sharp taste, flavor, or odor
tangerine
noun : a small, orange-red citrus fruit with skin that peels easily
tangle
noun : a mixed-up mess; a snarl
tar
noun : a black, sticky liquid made from coal, wood, or peat that becomes hard when it cools
target
noun : a point or object at which someone aims or fires, such as in archery; an object of effort or attack
tariff
noun : a tax on imports or exports
tart
adjective : having a sharp taste; sour
tatter
verb : to make ragged
tawny
adjective : orange-brown or yellowish-brown
technology
noun : the use of scientific knowledge or tools to make or do something
temperate
adjective : having to do with a climate or region that has moderate, or mild, temperatures
tempo
noun : the speed of a certain piece of music
tempt
verb : to cause someone to want or do something wrong or unwise
tense
adjective : nervous, anxious, or tight
term
noun : the length of time that a person can or will serve in a political office
terminal
noun : the end of a transportation line, often with a station of some sort; the building at an airport where air passengers leave from or arrive at
terrific
adjective : wonderful; huge
terry
noun : a type of absorbent fabric with loops on its surface
testimony
noun : an official statement that someone gives on the stand in a court of law
textile
noun : fabric that is woven or knitted
thatch
noun : straw, or a roof made of straw
theater
noun : the art or business of writing or performing plays
theme
noun : the main idea or topic of an artistic work
theory
noun : a possible explanation
thicket
noun : a dense group of small trees or bushes
thigh
noun : the part of the leg between the hip and knee
thrash
verb : to move around wildly
threat
noun : a danger; a statement of an intent to cause harm
thresh
verb : to separate the seeds from a harvested plant
throb
verb : to pulse in a painful way that has a regular beat
throng
noun : a large group of people or other animals that are densely packed
thunderbolt
noun : a flash of lightning that happens at the same time as a crash of thunder
thunderhead
noun : the rounded upper part of a puffy cloud, which is a sign of rain
tidings
noun : information; news
tidy
adjective : neat and orderly
tile
noun : a thin square or rectangular piece of a material that is used to cover a surface
timber
noun : wood that is cut and prepared for use in carpentry or building
tinderbox
noun : a small metal container used to hold dry materials for starting a fire
tinge
noun : a slight trace of something
tinkle
noun : the sound of small bells or chimes
tissue
noun : a disposable piece of thin paper that may be used for wiping the nose
tobacco
noun : a tropical American plant that is harmful to the health when smoked or chewed
toffee
noun : a type of hard candy made by boiling butter and sugar together
toil
verb : to work on something difficult and unpleasant for a long time
toll
noun : a fee paid for permission to use certain roads or bridges
tornado
noun : a fast-spinning, funnel-shaped cloud that touches Earth's surface
torpedo
noun : a cigar-shaped underwater missile
tortilla
noun : the Spanish word for a flat, thin pancake made of flour or cornmeal
tot
noun : a very young child
totem
noun : an animal, plant, or other thing adopted by a group of people as a spiritual symbol
tour
verb : to take a journey that involves visiting several different places
tradition
noun : a belief or custom that is passed down from year to year and generation to generation
translate
verb : to take one language and change it to another
transport
verb : to carry from one place to another
treaty
noun : a formal agreement of peace or friendship between two nations or groups
tremendous
adjective : very great in size, amount, strength, or excitement
trench
noun : a crack in the seafloor; a long ditch
trespass
verb : to enter someone's land or property without permission
tributary
noun : a river or stream that flows into a larger river
tribute
noun : an act or statement that shows gratitude or respect
trice
noun : in a short amount of time
trigger
noun : the part of a firearm that causes it to fire
triple
adjective : three of something similar or alike
triumph
noun : an act or occasion of winning, being victorious, or overcoming something
trooper
noun : a soldier on horseback
tropics
noun : a geographic region around the equator that has a generally hot, humid climate
trough
noun : a long, narrow container that holds food or water for animals
troupe
noun : a group of stage performers who work together
trout
noun : a mostly freshwater fish related to a salmon
trudge
verb : to walk slowly and heavily due to tiredness or difficult conditions
trumpet
noun : a brass musical instrument that has a bell, looped tubing, and three valves
tuber
noun : the swollen underground stem of certain kinds of plants, such as the potato
tuft
noun : a cluster of strands such as feathers, hairs, or grass that grow close together
tugboat
noun : a small, powerful boat that tows or guides a large vessel, especially in a confined area
tumor
noun : a growth of extra tissue that has no function or use to the body
tuna
noun : a large saltwater fish
tundra
noun : a cold, treeless Arctic region where the ground is always frozen
turban
noun : a man's headdress, made of a long piece of cloth wound around the head or a cap
turf
noun : the top layer of soil made up of grass and other plant roots
turnout
noun : the number of people who show up and/or participate in an event
turquoise
noun : a greenish-blue color; a gemstone of the same color
twang
noun : a strong, sharp, ringing sound like that of a string when it is plucked
tweezers
noun : a small tool with two blunt blades that can grab, used to pull out hairs or pick up small objects
twitch
verb : to make a sharp, sudden movement
udder
noun : the milk-producing glands of cows and female goats, sheep, horses, and certain other hoofed animals
underdog
noun : the expected loser in a struggle or contest
undergo
verb : to experience something
undergrowth
noun : shrubs and small trees growing under large trees
underworld
noun : the world of organized crime
unicycle
noun : a cycle with only one wheel
unite
verb : to bring or come together as a group for a common purpose
university
noun : a school of higher learning that follows high school and usually offers classes in many different subjects
unravel
verb : to untangle the threads of something; to solve a mystery
upholster
verb : to add a soft, padded covering to furniture
uproar
noun : loud, disorganized noise or disturbance
urban
adjective : having to do with a cities and the people living in them
urge
noun : a strong impulse or desire
usher
noun : a person who leads people to their seats, especially at a wedding or in a theater
vaccine
noun : a medicine made of weak or dead microbes that teaches the body to fight stronger microbes of the same type
vacuum
noun : a space that contains absolutely no matter
vain
adjective : without success
Vancouver
noun : a port city in western Canada and the largest city in the province of British Columbia
vandal
noun : a person who destroys property on purpose
vanish
verb : to suddenly disappear or move out of view
variety
noun : an assortment of different things of the same general type
varnish
noun : a liquid used to give something a protective coating or gloss
vast
adjective : very great in size, number, or amount
vat
noun : a large container used to store liquids
vault
noun : an arched structure that forms a ceiling or canopy
Venezuela
noun : a country on the northern coast of South America
vengeance
noun : punishment given in return for an offense or injury
vent
noun : an opening in Earth's crust through which magma and gases come out
ventriloquist
noun : an entertainer who can speak, sing, and make other sounds that seem to come from somewhere other than his or her mouth
verge
noun : the point when something is about to happen
verify
verb : to check whether or not something is true by examination, investigation, or comparison
verse
noun : a section of a poem or song made up of lines that form a single unit
vertebrate
noun : an animal that has a backbone
vertical
adjective : straight up and down
victim
noun : a person or other animal harmed by an act or condition, such as a crime, war, or a natural disaster
vigor
noun : good health, including physical strength
vineyard
noun : a field where grapes are grown, usually for making wine
viola
noun : a stringed instrument played with a horsehair bow that is tuned a little lower than a violin
violent
adjective : using or involving great physical force, often in a way that is meant to harm, damage, or kill
virgin
adjective : not yet touched or used
virus
noun : a microscopic organism that infects the body; a disease caused by a virus
vision
noun : the ability to see; a mental image of something
visor
noun : a brim at the front of a cap that shields the eyes from sunlight
vital
adjective : so important that it is required
vivid
adjective : very bright and strong
void
noun : an empty or incomplete area
volley
verb : to hit or kick a ball before it reaches the ground
vow
verb : to promise
wad
noun : a small mass of soft material; a bundle or bunch of something
walnut
noun : the large, wrinkled, edible seed of a tree that grows in temperate climates around the world
wand
noun : a long, thin rod or other stick, often thought to have magical powers
wardrobe
noun : the collection of clothes owned by a person
warp
noun : vertical threads that are the foundation of a woven piece
wart
noun : a small, hard growth on the skin that is caused by a virus
waylay
verb : to stop someone and take up his or her time so the person is kept from another activity; to attack from a hiding place
weapon
noun : an instrument used in hunting or fighting
weave
verb : to make fabric by interlacing threads or yarn
weird
adjective : strange or odd
werewolf
noun : a mythical person who sometimes changes into a wolf
whereas
whiplash
noun : a type of neck injury caused by an intense jerk to the head
whittle
verb : to carve wood with a knife into an object
whop
verb : to strike or beat hard
wield
verb : to hold and use a tool or weapon
wine
noun : an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grape juice
wit
noun : a talent for using words and ideas in clever and amusing ways
withdraw
verb : to take money out of an account
wither
verb : to shrivel or stop being healthy
witness
noun : a person who has seen an event happen, such as a crime, accident, or ceremony
wobble
verb : to move from side to side in an unsteady way
woodchuck
noun : a small mammal with a heavy body and short legs
workshop
noun : a place where manual work is done
wren
noun : a small songbird with short wings
wring
verb : to twist or squeeze; to squeeze water out of something
yacht
noun : a yacht is a boat used for pleasure or for racing
yearling
noun : an animal, especially a horse, sheep, or calf, that is one year old or in its second year
yelp
noun : a short, sharp cry, usually caused by pain or alarm
yield
verb : to give the right of way to other traffic
yip
verb : to make a quick, sharp, repeated bark sound
yodel
verb : to sing in a style where the voice switches rapidly between normal and very high ranges
yonder
adverb : over there
Yosemite
youngster
yowl
noun : a loud, high-pitched cry that expresses pain or other suffering
Yukon
noun : a Canadian territory located in the country's extreme northwest corner
zigzag
verb : to move along a course with alternating sharp left and right turns
aborigine
noun : an original or first inhabitant of an area
admiral
Aegean Sea
alkaline
alloy
noun : a metal that is a combination of two or more metals
Alps
noun : a large mountain range in south-central Europe
amber
noun : the hard, fossilized resin from extinct trees of long ago
ammonia
noun : a colorless gas that has a pungent smell and can be dissolved in water to create a strong alkaline solution
asbestos
noun : a mineral made of long, fibrous crystals that is toxic when breathed
auxiliary
adjective : extra; providing additional support or help
azure
noun : bright blue
barometer
noun : an instrument for measuring air pressure
Beijing
noun : the capital of China, located in the northeastern part of the country
blockhouse
noun : a military building that has holes in the sides through which people inside can fire out at an enemy
bog
noun : an area of wet, spongy land
Brussels
noun : the capital of Belgium
catalogue
noun : a list of names, titles, or other items arranged in a system, usually in a book, computer database, or magazine
catastrophe
noun : an event that causes great suffering, loss, or other misfortune
cellulose
noun : the material in plant cell walls; the woody part of trees
chlorine
noun : a type of gas added to water to disinfect it
chlorophyll
noun : a substance in green plants that can turn water, air, and sunlight into food
circuit
noun : a closed path along which an electric current travels
circumference
noun : the distance around the outside of a circle
cistern
noun : a tank or other container for storing liquids, usually water
concave
adjective : having a shape or surface that curves inward
convention
noun : a widely used and accepted rule of writing
convex
adjective : having a shape or surface that curves outward
cornucopia
noun : a curved goat's horn or a basket filled with fruit, flowers, and corn, used as a symbol of plenty
crescendo
noun : a gradual increase in volume or intensity
cuneiform
adjective : relating to wedge-shaped writing used in parts of the ancient Middle East
curriculum
noun : the subjects included in a course of study in a district or school
cutlass
noun : a short, curved sword
dialect
noun : a form of language that is used in a specific region or by a specific group of people
figurehead
noun : a person who has a position or appearance of leadership, but no actual power
Flanders
noun : a geographical region that spans parts of the present-day countries of Belgium, France, and the Netherlands
flint
noun : a hard, gray rock that is a type of quartz
flora
noun : plant life in general, or the plants that live in a specific region
fracas
noun : a noisy disturbance or quarrel
garrison
noun : the group of soldiers who defend a fortress or town, or the building they occupy
geyser
noun : a hot spring that boils from time to time, sending a column of water and steam into the air
herring
noun : a common food fish that is silver and that lives in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans
hydroelectric
adjective : of or relating to electricity generated by moving water
khaki
noun : a dull beige or brownish-yellow fabric used in military clothing; a dull beige or brownish-yellow color
kinetic
adjective : of or relating to the movement of physical objects
litmus
noun : a colored powder made from lichens that turns red in acid solutions and blue in alkaline solutions
manganese
noun : a hard, gray, nonmetallic metal used to make steel
Mediterranean
minuet
noun : a slow, graceful dance that was popular in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
Mount Vesuvius
noun : an active volcano in southeastern Italy that buried the towns of Pompeii and Herculaneum in 79 A.D.
nigh
adverb : close in time, position, or relationship
Nile River
noun : a river that runs north through eastern Africa and ends at the Mediterranean Sea
obsidian
noun : a smooth, glassy rock formed when volcanic lava cools rapidly
octave
noun : an interval of eight
parasol
noun : a light umbrella used as protection from the sun's rays
pinafore
noun : a sleeveless piece of clothing that looks like an apron worn over a dress
pith
noun : the spongy substance found in the stems and roots of many plants
promenade
noun : a public place for walking for pleasure or to be seen by others
pumice
noun : a light, porous volcanic rock
radium
noun : a radioactive chemical element that is silvery-white and often used to treat cancer
ramshackle
adjective : in very poor condition
scourge
noun : a person or thing that is seen as an agent of punishment, suffering, or vengeance
scurvy
noun : a life-threatening illness common to early sailors that was caused by a lack of vitamin C
silicon
noun : a nonmetallic chemical element found in the Earth's crust that is often used in electronic devices
skirmish
noun : a small, brief fight, usually one that is part of a larger battle
smelt
noun : an small, edible fish that lives in fresh water or in coastal sea waters
sphinx
noun : a giant stone figure of an imaginary creature with the head of a man or animal and the body of a lion
starboard
adjective : the right-hand side of a boat or airplane when facing forward
stingray
noun : a fish with a large, flat body and a long tail with stinging spines on it
stratosphere
noun : the layer of Earth’s atmosphere located beyond the troposphere; the layer that protects Earth from solar radiation
sulfur
noun : a chemical element that is common and can burn
superlative
swordfish
noun : a large ocean fish that has a swordlike snout
tempest
noun : a violent, windy storm
testament
noun : proof or evidence to show that something is true
thermal
transistor
noun : a small electronic device that controls the flow of electricity in electronic items
trapezoid
noun : a four-sided flat shape with two sides that are parallel
underbrush
noun : the shrubs and small trees that form a low level of plant life in a forest
uranium
Venice
noun : a city in northeastern Italy that is built on islands separated by canals
vermilion
noun : a very bright reddish-orange pigment made from a mineral
wallflower
noun : a shy person who has a difficult time mingling at a party
whist
noun : a card game played by two teams of two players each
Yugoslavia
zinc
noun : a silvery-white metal used to coat iron and steel so they don't rust
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