Weather and Climate 날씨와 기후 관련 단어 영영풀이

[Weather and Climate 날씨와 기후 관련 단어 영영풀이]

 

autumn

noun : the season after summer and before winter

blow

verb : to create moving air

calm

adjective : not angry or excited; still or unmoving

cloud

noun : a group of water drops or pieces of ice in the air from which rain, hail, or snow may fall

cloudy

adjective : covered with or full of clouds

cold

adjective : having a low temperature

cool

adjective : having a temperature that is between warm and cold

dew

noun : drops of water that form on things at night

east

noun : the direction of the sunrise; the opposite of west

fall

noun : the season between summer and winter when temperatures get cooler and days get shorter

flake

noun : a small, flat piece of something

fog

noun : a cloud on the ground

frost

noun : tiny pieces of ice that form on things when the temperature drops below freezing

heat

noun : the condition of being hot; high temperature

hot

adjective : having a high temperature

ice

noun : frozen water; water in a solid state

icy

adjective : covered with ice or made of ice

lightning

noun : a flash of light in a stormy sky, often followed by thunder

minus

adjective : being less than zero

north

noun : the direction to the left of one facing east; the opposite of south

puddle

noun : a small pool of water on the ground

rain

noun : liquid water that falls from clouds to Earth

rainbow

noun : a curve of colors in the sky formed by sunlight shining onto falling rain

rise

verb : to move higher

shower

noun : a small amount of rain, snow, or other water falling from the sky; many small things falling at the same time

sky

noun : the area high above the ground where stars and clouds appear

snow

noun : frozen water that falls from clouds as flakes

south

noun : the direction to the right of one facing east; the opposite of north

spring

noun : the season between winter and summer when temperatures get warmer and days get longer

storm

noun : very bad weather with strong winds, rain, snow, or thunder

summer

noun : the season between spring and fall that is the warmest season of the year

Sun

noun : the closest star to Earth and the center of our solar system

sunny

adjective : having a large amount of sunlight; happy or cheery

sunshine

noun : light from the Sun

warm

adjective : having a temperature between cool and hot

warmth

noun : having enough heat but not too much

west

noun : the direction of the sunset; the opposite of east

wind

noun : moving air

windy

adjective : having a lot of wind

winter

noun : the season between fall and spring that is the coldest season of the year

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 acclimate

verb : to get used to a new climate or situation

accumulate

verb : to build up or collect over time; to increase

accumulation

noun : a piling up of material over time

arid

adjective : dry; lacking moisture

avalanche

noun : a mass of loosened snow, ice, soil, or rock that suddenly slides down a slope

billowing

adjective : rising in big waves

blizzard

noun : a severe snowstorm with cold temperatures, heavy snows, and strong winds that lasts a long time

blustery

adjective : very windy

breeze

noun : a light, slow wind

breezy

adjective : slightly windy

brisk

adjective : fresh, in a stimulating way; fast

Caribbean

adjective : of or relating to the region in the Atlantic Ocean located between North and South America

Celsius

adjective : a system for measuring temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100°

Centigrade

adjective : a system for measuring temperature in which water freezes at 0° and boils at 100°

chance

noun : the possibility of something happening

changeable

adjective : not steady; subject to change

chaotic

adjective : random; without an orderly pattern

chill

noun : an uncomfortable, cool temperature

chilly

adjective : cool or cold

cirrus

noun : a thin, wispy kind of cloud made of ice crystals

climate

noun : the weather conditions in an area over a long period of time

cold front

noun : the front edge of a moving mass of cold air

cooler

adjective : more cool

core

noun : a layered sediment sample in the form of a long tube

crisp

adjective : clean and new; fresh

current

noun : air or water that flows in a certain direction

cyclone

noun : a hurricane that develops in the Southwest Indian Ocean or the South Pacific Ocean

damage

noun : injury; loss

degree

noun : a unit of measure for temperature

destruction

noun : the act or process of damaging something so much that it is gone or cannot be fixed

devastating

adjective : causing ruin

devastation

noun : great damage or destruction

disaster

noun : a sudden event that causes great damage, harm, or loss; an event with a terrible result

dismal

adjective : gloomy; dreary

disperse

verb : to break up or scatter

downpour

noun : a heavy rainfall

downstream

adverb : moving in the same direction as the flow of water in a river or stream

downwind

adverb : in the same direction as the wind is blowing

draft

noun : a current of cool air in a room or other space

drift

noun : a mound of snow created by the action of wind

drizzle

verb : to rain lightly; to trickle a thin stream of liquid over something

drought

noun : a long dry spell with little or no rainfall; a water shortage caused by low rainfall

dust devil

noun : a current of air whirling upward from the ground in a spiral motion

earth science

noun : any of the sciences relating to Earth or its parts

elements

noun : weather conditions, such as wind, rain, sun, or extreme temperatures

evacuation

noun : the removal of people from a place of danger

eye

noun : a calm area at the center of a storm

Fahrenheit

adjective : a system for measuring temperature in which water freezes at 32° and boils at 212°

flash

verb : to light up or show something for a very short period of time

flood

noun : water that covers land that is normally dry, sometimes caused by too much rain

foggy

adjective : hard to see through because of fog, or a cloud at ground level

forecast

verb : to predict or estimate something in the future

forecast

noun : a prediction of expected weather conditions

forecaster

noun : a person who predicts what the weather will be in the future

freeze

verb : to change from a liquid to a solid, mainly due to the temperature getting colder

frigid

adjective : extremely cold

front

noun : a line where a warm air mass and a cold air mass meet

frosty

adjective : covered with small white ice crystals; cold enough for frost to form

gale

noun : a very strong wind

gauge

noun : any instrument that measures something, such as volume or thickness

gust

noun : a brief, strong increase in wind

hail

noun : rain that falls from a cloud, then is blown upward and freezes, before falling as ice

haze

noun : tiny particles of moisture, dust, or smoke in the air that lower visibility

humid

adjective : having a lot of moisture in the air

humidity

noun : the amount of moisture in the air

hurricane

noun : a strong, spinning storm with heavy rain and high winds that starts over an ocean, especially beginning in the Atlantic Ocean

ice age

noun : any of several periods in Earth's history when ice sheets covered large areas of land

inversion

noun : the action or state of being upside down or in an opposite arrangement, order, or position from the normal one

lightning

noun : a flash of light in the sky made when electricity passes from one cloud to another or between a cloud and the ground

meteorologist

noun : a scientist who studies Earth's atmosphere, climate, and weather

meteorology

noun : the scientific study of Earth's atmosphere, especially its patterns of climate and weather

moisture

noun : a small amount of water in the form of a liquid or vapor

monsoon

noun : a seasonal storm that brings heavy rain to an area; a rainy season

muggy

adjective : warm and humid in an unpleasant way

natural disaster

noun : a sudden event caused by natural forces that causes widespread damage or death

observatory

noun : a place used for scientific observation of things in nature, such as astronomical objects, weather, or earthquakes

overcast

adjective : cloudy

plus

preposition : added to

precipitation

noun : water that falls to the ground, such as hail, sleet, rain, or snow

raindrops

noun : individual round or pear-shaped portions of liquid precipitation

rainfall

noun : the amount of rain that falls in a period of time

rumble

verb : to make a deep, heavy, rolling sound

rumbling

verb : making a deep, heavy, rolling sound

season

noun : a certain time of year when something usually happens, such as a sport being played or a type of weather taking place

severe

adjective : extremely harsh or unpleasant

sleet

noun : partly frozen rain

slush

noun : partly melted snow or ice

snowdrift

noun : a large amount of snow that collects in one place because of wind

snowflake

noun : a group of ice crystals that falls from a cloud

sprinkle

verb : to scatter loosely; to rain lightly

squall

noun : a sudden strong gust of wind, especially one accompanied by some form of precipitation

stormy

adjective : of or having to do with a storm

subtropical

adjective : of, or occurring in, an area that borders the tropics

sustained

adjective : kept up without stopping

temperature

noun : the measurement of how hot or cold something is

thaw

verb : to become softer or more liquid as a result of warming; to defrost something that is frozen

thermometer

noun : a tool used for measuring temperature

thunder

noun : a loud noise that is often heard after lightning

thunderbolt

noun : a flash of lightning that happens at the same time as a crash of thunder

thunderhead

noun : the rounded upper part of a puffy cloud, which is a sign of rain

thunderstorm

noun : a storm with thunder and lightning, often accompanied by heavy rain or hail

tidal

adjective : of or relating to ocean tides

tornado

noun : a fast-spinning, funnel-shaped cloud that touches Earth's surface

torrent

noun : a strong, fast stream of water; an overwhelming amount of something

treacherous

adjective : dangerous or hazardous

tropical

adjective : of, or occurring in, the geographic region around the equator that has a generally hot, humid climate

tropical storm

noun : a very intense system of low pressure over an ocean with winds of 62-119 km/hr (39-74 mph)

tropics

noun : a geographic region around the equator that has a generally hot, humid climate

upwind

adverb : in the opposite direction as the wind is blowing

warmer

adjective : more warm

warning

noun : something that tells of a possible danger or problem

weather

noun : the conditions in the atmosphere, such as temperature, clouds, rain, or wind; a description of such conditions in the atmosphere

weatherman

noun : a man who announces the weather for a television or radio station

whirlwind

noun : a column of air that rotates in a circular shape

whiteout

noun : a condition during a severe blizzard when visibility is very limited and everything looks white

windbreak

noun : a fence, a row of trees, or another structure that provides protection from wind

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 aerosol

noun : liquid or fine solid particles suspended in a gas

air pressure

noun : the force of air in the atmosphere

anemometer

noun : an instrument that measures wind speed or pressure

barometer

noun : an instrument for measuring air pressure

ceilometer

noun : an instrument for determining the height of a cloud base

cloud seeding

noun : any change made by humans to natural cloud development, usually to increase moisture

cumulus

noun : a white, puffy kind of cloud that sometimes turns into a storm cloud

Doppler radar

noun : a tracking system that tells the location and speed of storms, clouds, and precipitation

dust storm

noun : a whirlwind that causes dust to fill the air

El Niño

noun : an irregular weather pattern characterized by unusually warm temperatures in the Pacific Ocean

exosphere

noun : the outermost layer of Earth's atmosphere; the layer in which molecules can escape Earth's gravity

F-rating

noun : a number that indicates how destructive and dangerous a tornado is

funnel cloud

noun : a funnel-shaped cloud under the bottom of a thundercloud that may turn into a tornado

gulf stream

noun : a warm, swift ocean current that flows along eastern United States and across the Atlantic Ocean to northwestern Europe

hemisphere

noun : half of a sphere or a mostly round object, such as a planet or a brain

high winds

noun : very strong moving air

hurricane watch

noun : a formal warning announcing that conditions are possible for a hurricane in an area

hygrometer

noun : an instrument that measures humidity in the air or in another gas

jet stream

noun : a strong air current that circles the globe several miles above Earth's surface

La Niña

noun : an irregular weather pattern characterized by unusually cold temperatures in the Pacific Ocean

leeward

adjective : the side opposite the direction from which the wind is coming

lightning rod

noun : a metal rod attached to the highest point of a building or other tall structure to protect it from lightning by conducting the lightning to the ground

mesosphere

noun : the middle layer of Earth's atmosphere; the layer in which meteors burn up

ominous

adjective : threatening; foreboding

phenomena

noun : observable events, occurrences, or situations

phenomenon

noun : an observable event or occurrence; someone or something that is very impressive or popular because of an unusual ability or quality

polar zones

noun : Earth’s coolest climate zones, located near the poles, where sunlight strikes the planet’s surface least directly

prevailing winds

noun : winds that generally blow in a specific direction

rain shadow

noun : an area that has a dry climate because it is on the leeward side of a mountain range

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale

noun : a scale used to classify the intensity of hurricanes

solar radiation

noun : energy that the Sun gives off in the form of rays of light or heat

storm surge

noun : a quick rise of the ocean’s level, caused by strong winds and a drop in air pressure during a hurricane

stratus

noun : a solid, gray kind of cloud that often covers the sky

supercell

noun : a rotating thundercloud that reaches high into the sky and often produces tornadoes

temperate zones

noun : Earth’s climate zones between the tropical and polar zones, where the angle of sunlight causes warmer summers and cooler winters

tempest

noun : a violent, windy storm

thermal

noun : a rising column of air

thermosphere

noun : the layer of Earth's atmosphere beyond the mesosphere; the layer in which the space shuttle orbits

tornado warning

noun : an alert given when a tornado has been sighted or indicated by radar

tornado watch

noun : when conditions are right for a tornado

tropical depression

noun : a low-pressure weather system with sustained cyclonic winds of less than 62 kilometers per hour (39 mph)

tropical zone

noun : Earth’s warmest climate zone, located near the equator, where sunlight strikes the planet’s surface most directly

troposphere

noun : the layer of Earth's atmosphere that is closest to the planet's surface; the layer in which weather takes place

typhoon

noun : a strong, spinning storm with heavy rain and high winds that occurs near the Indian or western Pacific Oceans

updraft

noun : an air current that moves upward

wall cloud

noun : a cloud underneath the main cloud of a supercell that usually produces very little rain

water cycle

noun : the series of changes water goes through as it cycles through the environment as a solid, a liquid, or a gas

waterspout

noun : a whirling, funnel-shaped column of air occurring over water, usually in tropical areas

weather forecast

noun : a prediction of expected weather conditions

weather satellite

noun : an artificial satellite that monitors Earth's climate and weather

wind shear

noun : a change in wind speed and/or direction within a short distance

windward

adjective : the side facing the direction from which the wind is blowing