Chemistry 화학 관련단어 영영풀이

[Chemistry 화학 관련단어 영영풀이]

 

acid

noun : a chemical compound that reacts with a base to form a salt, tastes sour, and has a pH value below 7

activate

verb : to set a chemical reaction in motion; to trigger or initiate

artificial

adjective : human-made; not occurring naturally

atom

noun : the smallest part of an element

base

noun : a chemical compound that reacts with acids to form salts and has a pH greater than 7

bond

noun : a connection between atoms that are joined together to form a molecule

chemical

noun : a substance produced by or used in a reaction involving atomic or molecular changes

chemistry

noun : the science that studies how chemical elements and compounds change when heated, cooled, or combined

composition

noun : the elements that something is made of; the way parts of a whole are put together

concentrated

adjective : having more of a substance in a solution

concentration

noun : the relative amount of a substance in a solution or in a certain volume of space

conduction

noun : the transfer of heat or other energy from one object to another

crystal

noun : a mineral that forms in regular, tight patterns

dissolve

verb : to completely mix into a liquid to form a solution

electron

noun : a particle in an atom that orbits the nucleus and has a negative electrical charge

element

noun : a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances and is made up of only one kind of atom

equilibrium

noun : a state of balance between opposing forces

fluid

noun : a liquid, such as water; a substance that is able to flow freely

formula

noun : letters and numbers that describe how many atoms of each element are included in one molecule or compound

gas

noun : matter that can freely change shape and size; often it can’t be seen

gaseous

adjective : in the form of gas

inorganic

adjective : not having to do with or coming from living organisms

ion

noun : an atom that has gained or lost electrons and has an electrical charge

liquid

noun : matter that keeps its size but takes the shape of its container

mercury

noun : a silver metal that is liquid at room temperature and very poisonous

mixture

noun : a combination of substances in which a chemical reaction does not occur

molecule

noun : the smallest part of a substance that can exist by itself, made of two or more atoms

negative

adjective : with the same charge as an electron

neon

noun : a type of gas used in advertising signs and fluorescent lamps

neutron

noun : a particle in the nucleus of an atom that has no electrical charge

nucleus

noun : the positively charged central region of an atom, consisting of protons and neutrons and containing most of the atom’s mass

organic

adjective : having to do with or coming from living organisms

oxide

noun : a chemical compound that includes oxygen

oxygen

noun : a gas that has no color, taste, or smell and that most animals need to live

particle

noun : a tiny piece of matter

pH

adjective : a measure of the degree of acidity or alkalinity on a scale of 0-14

positive

adjective : having an electrical charge of an opposite polarity to that of an electron and the same polarity as that of a proton

process

verb : to change through a series of actions that may be natural or that are designed as steps to a goal

proton

noun : a particle in the nucleus of an atom that has a positive electrical charge

reaction

noun : a response to the physical effects of something such as heat, cold, or pollution; a change that occurs when substances are combined

saturation

noun : the point at which no more of a liquid, solid, or gas can be absorbed by a solution at a given temperature

solid

noun : matter that keeps its shape and size

solution

noun : a mixture in which the atoms of a solid separate and become invisible in a liquid

test tube

noun : a narrow glass tube that is closed at one end and open at the other end

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acidic

adjective : having a pH below 7; sour or sharp in taste

alkaline

adjective : having a pH above 7

amino acid

noun : a simple organic compound that is a building block of proteins

ammonia

noun : a colorless gas that has a pungent smell and can be dissolved in water to create a strong alkaline solution

carbon

noun : a nonmetallic chemical element found in the soil that forms diamonds and coal

carbon dioxide

noun : an invisible gas that is formed by the chemical breakdown or burning of organic substances, such as fossil fuels, and that is absorbed by plants during photosynthesis

catalyst

noun : a chemical that accelerates a chemical reaction

change of state

noun : a change from one state of being, or form, to another

chemical change

noun : a change in the chemical makeup of a substance

chemical energy

noun : energy made by a change in a substance or a combination of substances

chemical reaction

noun : a process in which one substance or more is changed to another

chlorine

noun : a type of gas added to water to disinfect it

compound

noun : a combination of two or more elements

enzyme

noun : a protein in plants and animals that causes certain natural chemical reactions

helium

noun : the second lightest chemical element, often a gas

hydrogen

noun : the lightest chemical element, often a gas

iodine

noun : a chemical element that is shiny gray in solid form and bright pinkish-purple in gaseous form

isotope

noun : one of several forms of a chemical element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

litmus

noun : a colored powder made from lichens that turns red in acid solutions and blue in alkaline solutions

methane

noun : an invisible, odorless, flammable gas; also called “natural gas”

opaque

adjective : blocking light from passing through; not see-through

paraffin wax

noun : a combination of water and carbon that creates a solid

phosphates

noun : chemical compounds containing phosphorus

physical change

noun : a change in the size, shape, or color of a substance that does not change it into a different substance

radium

noun : a radioactive chemical element that is silvery-white and often used to treat cancer

raw material

noun : a basic substance from which something else is created or made

silicon

noun : a nonmetallic chemical element found in the Earth's crust that is often used in electronic devices

solute

noun : any substance that is dissolved into a liquid or gas, creating a solution

solvent

noun : in a solution, the liquid or gas into which a solid, liquid, or gas is dissolved

state of matter

noun : the solid, liquid, or gaseous condition of a substance