Medieval Europe 중세유럽 관련단어 영영풀이

[Medieval Europe 중세유럽 관련단어 영영풀이]

 

king

noun : a man or boy who rules a country

queen

noun : a woman or girl who rules a country

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ancient

adjective : from a very long time ago

 

archer

noun : a person who is skilled at shooting with a bow and arrow

archery

noun : the skill or sport of shooting with a bow and arrows

battering ram

noun : a reinforced log with a metal head used to break down a castle's gate

calligraphy

noun : the art of creating beautiful or stylized writing using special brushes or pens

carnage

noun : a large slaughter, as in a war

castle

noun : a large building or group of buildings with thick walls, towers, and often a moat

catapult

noun : a weapon used to hurl objects over castle walls

chivalrous

adjective : honorable and courteous

chivalry

noun : a code of conduct for knights during medieval times

clergy

noun : people who have religious duties in the Christian church

commoner

noun : in a class system, a person who is not royalty or an aristocrat

coronation

noun : the ceremony in which a new king or queen is crowned

court

noun : the inner social circle of a monarch

crest

noun : a symbol representing a clan's history

drawbridge

noun : a bridge, especially one over a moat or waterway, that can be raised or lowered

duel

noun : a one-on-one fight, often over a matter of honor

dungeon

noun : an underground prison cell, especially one in a castle

ere

preposition : an old form of "before"

fief

noun : a piece of land that a lord gave to a vassal in exchange for loyalty and protection

fortress

noun : a structure that has been strengthened as protection from attack

guild

noun : an association of people of the same trade; a union

hither

adverb : here

keep

noun : the central tower or building of a castle

knight

noun : a soldier in medieval Europe who held a high military rank, who usually rode a horse and wore armor while fighting

lord

noun : a person who had power and authority during the Middle Ages

manor

noun : the main house on an estate; mansion

medieval

adjective : of or relating to the Middle Ages, the time period in European history from AD 500 to AD 1500

Middle Ages

noun : the period of time in European history between roughly AD 500 and AD 1500

moat

noun : a deep, wide ditch around a castle, often filled with water

monarch

noun : a ruler of a kingdom or empire, such as a king or queen

monarchy

noun : a political system in which a country is ruled by a single person or family

mott and bailey

noun : an early castle made up of a large fenced-in area (bailey) surrounding a tall hill (mott) that often had a tower

nation

noun : a large group of people who live under one government and sometimes share a common language and culture

noble

adjective : belonging to the ruling class

outer curtain

noun : a wall that serves as a protective barrier around a compound

palisade

noun : a spiked wooden wall or fence built around the bailey of a castle

parliament

noun : a group of government officials who can make and change a nation's laws

peasant

noun : the lowest class of people in a kingdom

persecution

noun : the unfair treatment of a group of people, especially for reasons of religion, politics, or race

realm

noun : an area over which a person, such as a monarch, rules or has power

regal

adjective : appearing like a king or queen

reign

noun : the period of time during which a single ruler is in power

Renaissance

noun : the sudden explosion of science, culture, and art that swept through Europe in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries

royal

adjective : of or related to a king, queen, or other monarch

scepter

noun : a decorated rod held by a ruler as a symbol of power

sooth

noun : an old form of "truth"

squire

noun : the richest landowner in a village long ago; a low-ranking nobleman

tankard

noun : a tall metal drinking cup with a handle and a hinged lid

troubadour

noun : a traveling composer, poet, and performer during the Middle Ages

turret

noun : a castle tower

usurp

verb : to take something by force or without authority

vassal

noun : a person to whom a piece of land was given by a lord in exchange for protection and loyalty

Viking

noun : a Scandinavian explorer, trader, and pirate who raided and settled much of northwestern Europe in the eighth to eleventh centuries

yeomen

noun : a class of people in England who were free and owned their own land

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Anglo

noun : a person of white European descent

barbarian

noun : an outsider who is considered brutal or uncivilized

barbarism

noun : savagery, cruelty, or violence

crenelations

noun : the squared-off "teeth" on the upper portion of a medieval castle wall, designed for defense

Crusades

noun : any of the military campaigns in the eleventh to thirteenth centuries during which European Christians traveled to Jerusalem, or the Holy Land, to try and take control of it

excommunicate

verb : to expel a person from the Christian Church or another religious community

feudalism

noun : a system of government in the European Middle Ages that included some people who owned land and others who worked the land and had duties to the landowner

hearken

verb : to listen; to bring to mind

indenture

verb : to require another person to work for a given period of time in order to pay off a debt

indentured

adjective : a contract requiring a person to work for another for a certain period of time, often without pay

joust

noun : a medieval competition in which two knights on horseback fight each other with lances

liege

noun : a lord to whom one owes faithful service

Magna Carta

noun : an English document signed in 1215 limiting the power of the king

trebuchet

noun : a large slingshot-like weapon used to throw rocks or other objects during a siege